CURRENT AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS OF STEM CELLS IN SURGERY

Abstract

Stem cells have become such a “hot topic” in every kind of literature and media source. In every developed country, there is no day goes by without the public reading or seeing something about these cells. There is consensus in the scientific community that stem cell research holds great promise for developing new treatments for a variety of currently untreatable serious disease conditions. A stem cell is a cell that can divide to give rise to a new copy of itself and at least one other differentiated cell type. Stem cells can be classified into four broad types on their origin: stem cells from embryos, stem cells from the fetus, stem cells from the UC and stem cells from the adult. They are classified according to potency into totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, oligopotent and unipotent cells. ESCs are pluripotent. They hold a great promise in both regenerative medicine and basic biological research. Already existing ESC lines, spare embryos and embryos created by means of SCNT technique are the currently potential sources of ESCs. It is now possible to produce stem cells directly from somatic cells by inducing them to dedifferentiate into iPS cells. Technology of iPS cells provides researchers with a unique tool to obtain disease-specific stem cells for the study and possible treatment of degenerative disorders with autologous cells in a more ethical way. The purpose of SCT is to replace damaged or lost cells in an organ or tissue. In extensive tissue damage, a significant number of functional cells is irreversibly lost and the function of the organ or tissue becomes Summary and conclusion 105