Anesthesia for children with obstructive sleep apneaالإنسدادي أثناء النوم

Abstract

Snoring is one sign of number of different disorders, four factors singly or in combination contribute to snoring: Incomplete tone of palatal, lingual muscles, space-occupying masses encroaching on the airway, excessive length of the soft palate and uvula, restriction to airflow in the nose . Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by asymptomatic, recurrent episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep with excessive daytime sleepliness (EDS). The ASA Guideline recommends that the practitioner determine the severity of OSA as mild, moderate or severe (scored as 1, 2 or 3, respectively).There are only two ways to determine the severity of OSA which are clinical impression and polysomography. The clinical features and complications associated with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) essentially result from the two main effects of the obstructive episode which are hypoxia and the generation of high negative pressure. OSAS result in multiple health risks as: Long standing pulmonary hypertension, systemic hypertension, ischemic heart disease, metabolic syndrome, bradycardia, stroke, polycythemia.