Role of Rehabilitation in the Management of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adults
Reem Kadri Abdulaziz Kilani;
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well recognized psychiatric disorder that can occur following a major traumatic event. Characteristic symptoms include re-experiencing phenomena such as nightmares and recurrent distressing thoughts of the event, avoidance and numbing of general responsiveness such as trying not to talk about or be reminded of the traumatic event, experiencing detachment and estrangement from other people and hyperarousal symptoms including sleep disturbance, increased irritability and hypervigilance.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is now included in a new chapter in DSM-5 on Trauma- and Stress¬or-Related Disorders. This move from DSM-IV, which addressed PTSD as an anxiety disorder, is among several changes approved for this condition that is increasingly at the center of public as well as profes¬sional discussion.
Compared to DSM-IV, the diagnostic criteria for DSM-5 draw a clearer line when detailing what consti¬tutes a traumatic event. Sexual assault is specifically included, for example, as is a recurring exposure that could apply to police officers or first responders. Language stipulating an individual’s response to the event—intense fear, helplessness or horror, according to DSM-IV—has been deleted because that criterion proved to have no utility in predicting the onset of PTSD.
DSM-5 pays more attention to the behavioral symptoms that accompany PTSD and proposes four distinct diagnostic clusters instead of three. They are described as re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and arousal.
Re-experiencing covers spontaneous memories of the traumatic event, recurrent dreams related to it, flashbacks or other intense or prolonged psychological distress. Avoidance refers to distressing memo¬ries, thoughts, feelings or external reminders of the event.
Negative cognitions and mood represents myriad feelings, from a persistent and distorted sense of blame of self or others, to estrangement from others or markedly diminished interest in activities, to an inability to remember key aspects of the event
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is now included in a new chapter in DSM-5 on Trauma- and Stress¬or-Related Disorders. This move from DSM-IV, which addressed PTSD as an anxiety disorder, is among several changes approved for this condition that is increasingly at the center of public as well as profes¬sional discussion.
Compared to DSM-IV, the diagnostic criteria for DSM-5 draw a clearer line when detailing what consti¬tutes a traumatic event. Sexual assault is specifically included, for example, as is a recurring exposure that could apply to police officers or first responders. Language stipulating an individual’s response to the event—intense fear, helplessness or horror, according to DSM-IV—has been deleted because that criterion proved to have no utility in predicting the onset of PTSD.
DSM-5 pays more attention to the behavioral symptoms that accompany PTSD and proposes four distinct diagnostic clusters instead of three. They are described as re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and arousal.
Re-experiencing covers spontaneous memories of the traumatic event, recurrent dreams related to it, flashbacks or other intense or prolonged psychological distress. Avoidance refers to distressing memo¬ries, thoughts, feelings or external reminders of the event.
Negative cognitions and mood represents myriad feelings, from a persistent and distorted sense of blame of self or others, to estrangement from others or markedly diminished interest in activities, to an inability to remember key aspects of the event
Other data
| Title | Role of Rehabilitation in the Management of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adults | Other Titles | دور إعادة التأهيل النفسي في علاج كرب ما بعد الصدمة في البالغين | Authors | Reem Kadri Abdulaziz Kilani | Issue Date | 2014 |
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