EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL METHODS FOR DETECTION OF ETHYL AND METHYL ALCOHOL LEVELS IN BLOOD OF ALBINO RATS

Abstract

Ethanol is the most important member of the chemical series termed alcohols. It is followed by methanol. whenever the term alcohol IS used, it usually refers to ethanol. Ethanol is a hydroxlated derivative of aliphatic hydrocarbons. It is rapidly and effectively absorbed from GIT. Absorption also occurs from alveoli and subcutaneous tissues. C.N.S depression from the cortex to the medulla depending on the amount ingested with selectivity on the reticular activating system is the principle effect of acute ethanol intoxication. The following stages of acute ethanol intoxication can be seen. according to ethanol blood level. 1- Concentration below 50mg%: No effect.

2- Concentration 50-1OOmg % : The person is apparently normal, but chemical analysis and tests of incoordination are positive. 3- Concentration 100- 150mg % is characterized by:

a- Alcohol euphoria.

b- Behavioural disturbances due to lifting of control of the higher centers, leading to aggressiveness and sexual crimes. c- Slight increase in pulse and respiratory rates. d- Defective in judgement of time and place. e- Also if driving may lead to many accidents, specially at the upper limit. 4- Concentration 150-250 mg% characterized by. a- Slurred speech. b- Hiccough due to myoclonic contractions of the diaphragm.

c- Vomiting. d- Blurred vision, diplopia and nystagmus.