ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS IN TOMATO USING SOME THERMOPROTECTANT COMPOUNDS
ALI MOHAMMED MOHAMMED ABD ELKADER;
Abstract
The fruit yield of tomato plant cultivated in summer season (where air temperature was exceeded 32°C), produce the lowest yield comparing with different growing seasons during the year. Two field experiment were carried out to assess the role of foliar applications of kinetin (kin) at 0.05 & 0.1 mM, 24-Epibrassinolide (24-E) at 0.02 & 0.04 μM, glycine betaine (GB) at 4 & 6 mM, salicylic acid (SA) at 0.25 & 0.5 mM and seaweed extract (SWE) at 0.5 g/l on ameliorating the deleterious effects of natural heat stress on three cultivars of tomato plants (Nirouz, Morse 44, and Salymia 65010) during 2012 and 2013 summer seasons.
The best vegetative growth (leaves no./plant and plant f.w) recorded in Morse 44 cultivar which reflected on increasing fruit set % and average fruit f.w over Nirouz and Salymia 65010 cultivars, whereas it has the lowest values of clusters no./plant, flowers no./plant, and fruits no./plant which reducied fruit yield comparing with Salymia 65010 which was the superior cultivar in fruit yield, fruit no./plant, and clusters no./plant.
The both levels of GB, SA at 0.5 mM, and SWE at 0.5 g/l significantly increased plant height, leaves no./plant and plant fresh weight in all tested cultivars. These positive effects on vegetative growth reflected on enhancing reproductive growth especially for clusters no./plant. Seaweed extract failed to maintain its superiority in most of reproductive parameters as did in vegetative growth. The maximum percentage in fruit set was recorded by kin at 0.05 mM, 24-E at 0.04 μM, GB at 6 mM and SA at 0.25 mM. The highest fruit yield was achieved by GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM respectively. Whereas the lowest fruit yield recorded with the application of kin at 0.05 mM. Whereas both levels of GB, SA at 0.5 mM, in addition to 24-E at 0.04 μM were the most effective treatments led to increase fruits no./plant, and fruit yield, which directed from the increase in the concentration of total chlorophyll, and reduction of total soluble sugars in leaves. The highest concentration of total soluble phenolic was recorded with 24-E application at 0.04 μM followed by kin at 0.05 mM. All foliar treatments decreased the levels of malondialdehyde in tomato leaves comparing with control, especially for kin at 0.05 mM. Most treatments reduced the activity of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyse (PAL) except for SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 6 mM, and kin at 0.1 mM for peroxidase, and SA at 0.5 mM, GB at 6 mM, and kin at 0.1 mM for PAL.
Key words: Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum Mill., Kinetin, Salicylic acid, Glycine betaine; Brassinosteroid, Seaweed extract, Foliar application, Yield, High temperature, Fruit set.
The best vegetative growth (leaves no./plant and plant f.w) recorded in Morse 44 cultivar which reflected on increasing fruit set % and average fruit f.w over Nirouz and Salymia 65010 cultivars, whereas it has the lowest values of clusters no./plant, flowers no./plant, and fruits no./plant which reducied fruit yield comparing with Salymia 65010 which was the superior cultivar in fruit yield, fruit no./plant, and clusters no./plant.
The both levels of GB, SA at 0.5 mM, and SWE at 0.5 g/l significantly increased plant height, leaves no./plant and plant fresh weight in all tested cultivars. These positive effects on vegetative growth reflected on enhancing reproductive growth especially for clusters no./plant. Seaweed extract failed to maintain its superiority in most of reproductive parameters as did in vegetative growth. The maximum percentage in fruit set was recorded by kin at 0.05 mM, 24-E at 0.04 μM, GB at 6 mM and SA at 0.25 mM. The highest fruit yield was achieved by GB at 6 mM, SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 4 mM respectively. Whereas the lowest fruit yield recorded with the application of kin at 0.05 mM. Whereas both levels of GB, SA at 0.5 mM, in addition to 24-E at 0.04 μM were the most effective treatments led to increase fruits no./plant, and fruit yield, which directed from the increase in the concentration of total chlorophyll, and reduction of total soluble sugars in leaves. The highest concentration of total soluble phenolic was recorded with 24-E application at 0.04 μM followed by kin at 0.05 mM. All foliar treatments decreased the levels of malondialdehyde in tomato leaves comparing with control, especially for kin at 0.05 mM. Most treatments reduced the activity of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyse (PAL) except for SA at 0.25 mM, GB at 6 mM, and kin at 0.1 mM for peroxidase, and SA at 0.5 mM, GB at 6 mM, and kin at 0.1 mM for PAL.
Key words: Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum Mill., Kinetin, Salicylic acid, Glycine betaine; Brassinosteroid, Seaweed extract, Foliar application, Yield, High temperature, Fruit set.
Other data
| Title | ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS IN TOMATO USING SOME THERMOPROTECTANT COMPOUNDS | Other Titles | تخفيف الإجهاد الحراري في الطماطم باستخدام بعض مواد واقية من الحرارة | Authors | ALI MOHAMMED MOHAMMED ABD ELKADER | Issue Date | 2017 |
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