Postoperative Care Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Hany Ahmed Ali Salim;
Abstract
The neonatal heart presents physiological characteristics that differ significantly from children of other ages or from adults, and these should be considered in the peri-operative approach.
Cardiopulmonary interaction is the term that is used to describe the inseparable connection between the heart and lungs. In health, the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems are in perfect balance. In disease, derangements of either system leads to dysfunction in the other.
Congenital heart defect (CHD) is a common congenital anomaly occurring in 0.6 % to 0.8 % of live births.Congenital cardiovascular disease is defined as an abnormality in cardiocirculatory structure or function that is present at birth, even if it is discovered much later.
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) consist of defects of the cardiac architecture may interfere with the cardiac output as well as abnormailites in different cardiac valves and abnormalities in big cardiac vessels.
There are several ways to classify CHD: alphabetical order, cyanotic and noncyanotic, site of the defect (veins, atria, ventricles, septa, and great arteries), and so on. A pathophysiological classification, namely, a classification based upon the clinical consequences of structural defects impairing the physiology of blood circulation, seems more reasonable:
1. CHD with increased pulmonary blood flow (septal defects without pulmonary obstruction and left-toright shunt).
2. CHD with decreased pulmonary flow (septal defects with pulmonary obstruction and right-to-left shunt).
3. CHD with obstruction to blood progression and no septal defects (no shunt).
4. CHD so severe as to be incompatible with postnatal blood circulation.
5. CHD silent until adult age.
The traditional discussion of surgical patients includes the preoperative, operative, and postoperative phases. The timing of surgery of any cardiac defect is an integral of a variety of factors that are related to the child's defect and those related to the outcomes that can be provided in a pediatric cardiac unit.
Early accurate diagnosis, pre-operative stabilization, intra-operative management, post-operative management, Once these are optimized, surgery performed at appropriate time can result in excellent surgical results with no long side effects in majority of cases.
Cardiopulmonary interaction is the term that is used to describe the inseparable connection between the heart and lungs. In health, the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems are in perfect balance. In disease, derangements of either system leads to dysfunction in the other.
Congenital heart defect (CHD) is a common congenital anomaly occurring in 0.6 % to 0.8 % of live births.Congenital cardiovascular disease is defined as an abnormality in cardiocirculatory structure or function that is present at birth, even if it is discovered much later.
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) consist of defects of the cardiac architecture may interfere with the cardiac output as well as abnormailites in different cardiac valves and abnormalities in big cardiac vessels.
There are several ways to classify CHD: alphabetical order, cyanotic and noncyanotic, site of the defect (veins, atria, ventricles, septa, and great arteries), and so on. A pathophysiological classification, namely, a classification based upon the clinical consequences of structural defects impairing the physiology of blood circulation, seems more reasonable:
1. CHD with increased pulmonary blood flow (septal defects without pulmonary obstruction and left-toright shunt).
2. CHD with decreased pulmonary flow (septal defects with pulmonary obstruction and right-to-left shunt).
3. CHD with obstruction to blood progression and no septal defects (no shunt).
4. CHD so severe as to be incompatible with postnatal blood circulation.
5. CHD silent until adult age.
The traditional discussion of surgical patients includes the preoperative, operative, and postoperative phases. The timing of surgery of any cardiac defect is an integral of a variety of factors that are related to the child's defect and those related to the outcomes that can be provided in a pediatric cardiac unit.
Early accurate diagnosis, pre-operative stabilization, intra-operative management, post-operative management, Once these are optimized, surgery performed at appropriate time can result in excellent surgical results with no long side effects in majority of cases.
Other data
| Title | Postoperative Care Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery | Other Titles | الرعاية الأولية للأطفال فيما بعد عملية القلب المفتوح | Authors | Hany Ahmed Ali Salim | Issue Date | 2013 |
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