INCREASE ACTIVE INGREADIENT OF SILYBUM MARIANUM UNDER SALT STRESS CONDITIONS BY MICROPROPAGATION

Abstract

The present investigation aimed to produce callus from hypocotyl and try to increase main active ingredient (silymarin) in callus under salt stress. Four experiments in vitro conducted between 2012 – 2014 in tissue culture lab. in Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain – Shams University, Shobra El – Khima, Cairo, Egypt. A number of plant growth regulators i.e NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid) and BA (Benzyle adenine or Benzyl amino purine) as well as NaCl and MS (Murashige and Skoog) components levels were used at different concentrations in vitro. Callus samples were take for growth pearameters (F.W., D.W. and growth index), succulence, salt tolerance index, silymarin and proline concentration. The results obtained from the previous studies could be summarized in the following: I. The Frist Experiment Callus induction 1. All combined treatments between NAA and BA led to a significant increase in fresh and dry weights, and growth index. 2. The maximum value of growth parameters (F.Wt., D.Wt. and growth index) were recorded by T5 (NAA at 0.75 ppm + BA at 0.1ppm) and T6 (NAA at 1.0 ppm + BA at 0.1 ppm) treatments. 3. The highest values of silymarin concentration were observed by T5 (NAA at 0.75 ppm + BA at 0.1ppm), T6 (NAA at 1.0 ppm + BA at 0.1 ppm) and T8 (NAA at 0.75 ppm + BA at 0.125 ppm).