Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its relation to cardiovascular risk among elderly diabetic female patients

Abstract

Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in diabetic elderly females, emerging evidence indicates that vitamin D deficiency has a biological associations with DM and cardiovascular disease including hypertension and obesity.

It was hypothesized that there is a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in elderly women with diabetes as hypovitaminosis D could be associated with impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance in addition to its relation to cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and other CVD.

Cross-sectional study enrolled 163 diabetic elderly female recruited from the inpatient departments of Ain shams university hospital, after obtaining informed consent, careful history was taken and examination was done, including BP measurement and BMI assessment, we investigated the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among participants and the relation between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and fasting C peptide, CPI and cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, hypertension and other CVD.

Data analysis revealed the following :

• Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 71.2%, vitamin D insufficiency is 28.2% in elderly female patients with diabetes.

• There was negative correlation of serum 25(OH)D with HOMA IR and an inverse correlation between 25(OH)D concentration and BMI.

• There was an inverse correlation between 25(OH)D concentration and systolic BP.

• There was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D, C peptide and CPI that supports the relation between serum 25(OH)D and B cell function .

• There was statistically significant difference as regards mean serum 25(OH)D and BMI among insulin and OHG groups.

• There was statistically significant association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetes on insulin therapy, as the majority of vitamin D deficient patients were on insulin therapy.

• Vitamin D deficiency patients were significantly associated with the presence of lower CP level and lower CPI value, lower CP level was an independent predictor of the presence of vitamin D deficiency.

• There was statistically significant difference as regards mean serum 25(OH)D among insulin and OHG groups being lower in insulin treated group.

• There was statistically significant difference between the 2 categories of CPI as regards serum 25(OH)D, the lower CPI was significantly associated with lower serum 25(OH)D.

• There was statistically significant association between low CPI value and presence of vitamin D deficiency.

• There was statistically significant difference between CP level categories as regards HOMA %B and HOMA IR, lower C peptide level was associated with statistically significant lower HOMA %B and HOMA IR.

• Similarly, there was statistically significant difference between the 2 categories of CPI as regards HOMA %B and HOMA IR, the lower CPI was significantly related to lower HOMA %B and HOMA IR.

• There was statistically significant association between high CP level and presence of insulin resistance.

• There was statistically significant association between high CPI and presence of insulin resistance.