MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDIES ON HEAT TOLERANCE IN SOME MAIZE HYBRIDS
Marwa Mahmoud Mohamed Mahmoud Ghonaim;
Abstract
Zea mays L. (Maize) is annual plant belong to family Poaceae and consider the most important cereal crop in Egypt and the world. In Egypt, maize is consumed by both human and animals. It is used in oil, starch and fructose manufactures and recently, maize is successfully used in baking industry.
Biotic and abiotic stresses are a major hurdle in attaining potential yield, since they cause damage to plant growth and development. As a result of global warming and raising the temperatures in all over the world, it is important now to find new cultivars that tolerate to heat stress to be cultivated successfully under adverse environmental conditions.
Transposable elements (TEs) comprise considerable fraction of eukaryotic genome, and have been identified in every plant genome that have been thoroughly examined. TEs and, particularly, retrotransposons (RTN), comprise about 50-80% of the maize genome. Retrotransposons are known to be activated by biotic stresses and abiotic stress. Retrotransposons transcriptional activation will lead to an increase in TEs copy number and genome size. The structure and replication method of retrotransposons give them different advantages as markers. Inter retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) are retrotransposon based technique can be used to study the polymorphism in retrotransposon insertion sites. Therefore, the aim of this work is the determination of genetic molecular marker(s) and the information related to heat tolerance in sixteen maize hybrids, as a key step towards producing new heat tolerance breeds. The present study was carried out as follows:
I: Fingerprinting of 16 maize hybrids used in this study:
The genetic diversity and fingerprinting of 16 maize hybrids which have different crosses (single and triple cross) and color were studied using inter retro-transposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) assay as retro-marker. In addition, protein electrophoresis for maize grains were studied using SDS-PAGE techniques. Assessments of genetic diversity would facilitate development of new genotypes with specific production to be used in breeding programs.
1- IRAP assay:
- In this study, thirty IRAP primers based on five retro-elements groups (Ji, Huck, Opie, Grandle-4 and Tekay) were used. Twenty IRAP primers out of the 30 primers demonstrates that IRAP techniques produced band profiles that gave adequate distinctions among maize hybrids and used for fingerprinting them.
- IRAP-primers amplified a total of 677 bands of which 392 were polymorphic distinct fragments with 57.90% polymorphism.
- IRAP-primers showed different levels of polymorphism ranged from 93.33% polymorphism for primer Ji-4310 to 25.81% polymorphism for primer Ji-4318.
Biotic and abiotic stresses are a major hurdle in attaining potential yield, since they cause damage to plant growth and development. As a result of global warming and raising the temperatures in all over the world, it is important now to find new cultivars that tolerate to heat stress to be cultivated successfully under adverse environmental conditions.
Transposable elements (TEs) comprise considerable fraction of eukaryotic genome, and have been identified in every plant genome that have been thoroughly examined. TEs and, particularly, retrotransposons (RTN), comprise about 50-80% of the maize genome. Retrotransposons are known to be activated by biotic stresses and abiotic stress. Retrotransposons transcriptional activation will lead to an increase in TEs copy number and genome size. The structure and replication method of retrotransposons give them different advantages as markers. Inter retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) are retrotransposon based technique can be used to study the polymorphism in retrotransposon insertion sites. Therefore, the aim of this work is the determination of genetic molecular marker(s) and the information related to heat tolerance in sixteen maize hybrids, as a key step towards producing new heat tolerance breeds. The present study was carried out as follows:
I: Fingerprinting of 16 maize hybrids used in this study:
The genetic diversity and fingerprinting of 16 maize hybrids which have different crosses (single and triple cross) and color were studied using inter retro-transposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) assay as retro-marker. In addition, protein electrophoresis for maize grains were studied using SDS-PAGE techniques. Assessments of genetic diversity would facilitate development of new genotypes with specific production to be used in breeding programs.
1- IRAP assay:
- In this study, thirty IRAP primers based on five retro-elements groups (Ji, Huck, Opie, Grandle-4 and Tekay) were used. Twenty IRAP primers out of the 30 primers demonstrates that IRAP techniques produced band profiles that gave adequate distinctions among maize hybrids and used for fingerprinting them.
- IRAP-primers amplified a total of 677 bands of which 392 were polymorphic distinct fragments with 57.90% polymorphism.
- IRAP-primers showed different levels of polymorphism ranged from 93.33% polymorphism for primer Ji-4310 to 25.81% polymorphism for primer Ji-4318.
Other data
| Title | MOLECULAR GENETIC STUDIES ON HEAT TOLERANCE IN SOME MAIZE HYBRIDS | Other Titles | دراسات وراثية جزيئية لصفة تحمل الحرارة فى بعض هجن الذرة الشامية | Authors | Marwa Mahmoud Mohamed Mahmoud Ghonaim | Issue Date | 2016 |
Attached Files
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| G12995.pdf | 458.19 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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