Genetical and molecular studies on some potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars grown under salinity and radiation stress

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out in the laboratories of the Natural Products Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, to study the effect of different gamma radiation doses, salinity and the combined effect between them on tissue culture derived plantlets. Some biochemical analysis , molecular genetic markers and ultrastructure in Spunta and Valor cultivars were studied. The results obtained were: Part I - Tissue culture studies Potato (Solanum tuberosume L.) plantlets cultured on MS medium. MS + 0.2 mg-l BAP was the best medium for micropropagation. Hormones such as NAA, KIN and GA3 with different concentrations gave slight growth.

1- Effects of different treatments on bud survival and some morphological characters in two potato cultivars (Spunta and Valor) a- Effect of gamma radiation In two cultivars Spunta and Valor, gamma radiation doses (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy) caused decrease on buds survival and several morphological characters of Spunta and Valor cultivars. Ten Gy caused a slight decrease in bud survival percentage and shoot length. While the dose 50 Gy was the lethal dose. The dose 40 Gy considered as sub lethal dose. b- Effect of NaCl concentrations The salinity concentrations caused significant decrease on Spunta and Valor buds survival and some morphological characters. The concentrations 150 and 200 mM caused death of plantlets in both cultivars. c- Effect of combined effect The combined effect treatments caused decrease in buds survival and some morphological characters. The present results showed that the Valor cultivar was more resistante to combined treatments than Spunta cultivar.