Laparoscopic Versus Open Radical Nephrectomy for Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

alignant tumors of the kidney account for about 4% of cancer incidence and 2% of cancer mortality in the United States with no available data about the incidence or prevalence in Egypt. Incidental findings of renal masses less than 4 cm have increased with the ubiquity of abdominal imaging including the routine use of ultrasound, computerized tomography. Renal cell carcinoma is mostly asymptomatic rather than the classic triad of hematuria, abdominal mass and abdominal pain. Since first described by Robson et al in 1969, open radical nephrectomy (ORN) has been the gold standard of treating malignant renal masses with a curative intention for decades. Nowadays implementation of laparoscopic management of either radical or partial nephrectomy has been introduced in addition modalities Laparoscopic surgery in Urology has been introduced by Clayman et al in 1991 since then the role of laparoscopy has continued to evolve with the ever increasing complexity of operations performed According to the EAU Guidelines, Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) is the standard of management for T2 stage tumors. With the advantage of being minimally invasive and no