COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF FLOWERING AND FRUITING ON SOME ANNONA SP,

Abstract

This study was carried out on F uni and Abdcl -- Razik Annona cvs. and Bnlady sp.i during 1995 and 199G,seasons. Somtreatments including pollination (type and lime), pollen grains (fresh or storage) and applinalion Some regulators ( G A3 , NAA aull fl A ) were used to improve !lowering .and pollicalion i11• Annoim trees .In . I I . . . - . • addition, stages of li•uil development ( CJrl>wth curve ) beside the histological a ad

ITiorphological Stages of llower bud ( comparative study )differentiation,in Annona squamosa.( llalady sp .) only also• studied . The study revealed that, llmvcring began early in Fennicv . trees than Dalady sp. or Abdel - razik cv . Flower hud or Annona passed in 3 visible stages through anthcsis lime i.e. slit bud , female receptive phase • and !1n'ale active phase , Balady sp . anthers contain the highest number ,r lcrlile pollen grains tl' nd storage or pollen grains 16hrs. at room temp. or at 7 Cu decreased pollen lcrlility than ii•csh pollens . Fruit set (%)and li'uit properties signilicantly aflcctcd by Annona cvs ., type and time of pollination and hand ,self pollination was: considered the proper method . Evening pollnation was more salisHaclOI)' than both morning ( came alicr ) or noon one nnd using li•esh pure pollen g•'ains gave the highest percentage of 11-uit set and fruit yield and diluted pollens improved Ji•iul shape. Spraying GA3 al 1000 p.p.m. on llowcrs at 'anlhesis 5 timc,<I1 I 0 days intervals increased parlhenocarpic fruit sel ( % ) and fruit retention , Meamvhile, NAA trentmenls had insignilicaul effect and BA trcalmciits deteriorated allll sheddiug the llowcrs .Spraying' GA3 , NAA and BA al.low concentration 'on Ji-uitlcts alicr 7 days li•om pollination 3 lime al 30 days intervals improved li'uil quality and GA3 at 500 ppm . g'ive the best results . Fruit development ( growth curve ) passed in 3 visible • stages of growth ( rapid -slow -rapid ). Flower bud of llalady sp . passed in 8 stages

( nu\rphologically ) and '2 stages ( anatomically ) totally equal 3'1 days .