Assessing the relationship between lung cancer risk and emphysema detected on Low-Dose CTof the chest

Abstract

Low-dose multi slice CT is a scanner device that has a technique with a good quantifying performance that is preferred for monitoring of pulmonary and airway abnormalities as compared to the high radiation exposures with high-resolution computed tomography (high-dose CT). The cumulative radiation dose exposure with low dose CT remains very low, even when individuals are exposed multiple times which is more safe than high dose CT which may induced malignancy in several time exposure

LDCT screening may provide a mean for diagnosis of emphysema at an earlier stage, even before abnormalities develop. The presence of emphysema on LDCT is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. this association was significant even after controlling for the presence of airway obstruction on spirometryin which emphysema detected on CT, and not airway obstruction was associated with a worse prognosis in smokers with early stage lung cancer So, emphysema on LDCT is an independent risk factor for lung cancer. Which help identify patients at high risk for lung cancer who may benefit from more-aggressive preventive interventions or lung cancer screening programs and identify individuals who may need additional follow-up studies.

L ung cancer screening using low-radiation-dose CT (LDCT) is a promising strategy in which an important aspect of these strategies is the ability to identify patients at high risk for lung cancer According to international guidelines, The diagnosis of COPD requires the presence of airway obstruction on spirometry.in which CT has been shown to accurately identify areas of the lung parenchyma involved with emphysema. CT may be more sensitive than pulmonary function tests for the detection of emphysema, but the clinical significance of emphysema diagnosed on CT in the absence of airway obstruction is not yet clear