Application of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Gene of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Different Sources

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen which can colonise and infect not only man, but also domestic animals. Especially, infection of cattle is of high economic relevance as Staphylococcus aureus is an important causal agent of bovine mastitis (Stefan et al., 2007).

Staphylococcus aureus causes severe diseases such as suppurative disease, mastitis, arthritis and urinary tract infection 1:hat are associated with several virulence factors such as extracellular toxins and enzymes in animal species (Woldvogel, 1990).

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most frequent nosocomial pathogens worldwide. Soon after physicians had become acccustomed to penicillin-resistant S. aureus at the end of the 1950s and Methic:illin-derivatives had become the drug of choice for infections caused by this organism, the first isolate of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was reported in 1961 by Jevones (Jevones, 1961).

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most significant human pathogens responsible for nosocomial and community-acquired infections. It can cause a range of infectious diseases from mild conditions, such as soft tissue infections, to severe life-threatening debilitation, such as endocarditis. Methicillin resistance has become an important problem according to rapidly progressing studies, as treatment has become more troublesome especially in patients (Morellion et al. 2005)

Antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus is an increasingly important problem. The most important issue is resistance towards Methicillin and all beta-lactam antibiotics (Methicillin-resistantS. aureus, or MR.SA) (Seguin et al., 1999).