EXPRESSION Of INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE -1(ICAM-1) IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.

Abstract

CD54 (!CAM-I) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the supergene family and plays a crucial role in cell- cell and cell- stroma interactions, which are important for initiation of the immune response. CD34 ts a highly glycosylated transmembrane molecule on human haemopoietic progenitor cells. The expression of stem cells CD34 has been detected on vascular endothelium of normal and neoplastic cells CD54(1CAM-I), CD34, has been found on some AML blasts .Patients and Methods: The current study investigated 20 newly diagnosed AML patients where CD54 and CD34 expression was detected in the blast cells using flow cytometry Furthermore we have correlated the expression of CD54 with CD34 and other clinical and laboratory parameters of AML to clarity its value as a prognostic tool in AML patients. Results: The study revealed that out of the 20 newly diagnosed AML patients (17) were CD54 positive [ 3 MO (100%), 8 Ml (80%), 6M2 (85.7%)]. CD54 was expressed in malignant cells of about 85% of cases (n=20) ofthe de novo AML patients. MO showed the higher expression of both CD54 and CD34 (mean= 85% and 89% respectively). This means that the more the undifferentiated the subtype of myeloid leukemia the higher the expression of CD54 and CD34. No statistical correlation was found between CD54 expression and patient's ages, sex, hemoglobin level , total leucocytic count and percentage of bone marrow blast cells. On the other hand CD34 positive cells ranged between (26%- 92%) and showed a highly significant correlation to CD54 expression. Conclusion :We could conclude that CD54 positivity signifies a poor prognosis in AM L patients in addition to the association of the high positivity of this marker to the MO subtype which is considered among AML subtypes having a poor prognosis Hence CD54 could be considered as a marker of bad prognosis in AML patients.