Vitamin D Deficiency in Some Neurological Diseases: in Sohag Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Abstract Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) has become a worldwide public health problem. Globally about one billion people suffer from VDD. It is known that vitamin D has an established role in skeletal growth, development and its maintenance. Sufficient vitamin D status is also important for optimal function of many organs and tissues throughout the body. Vitamin D receptors are present on a large variety of cell types, including myocytes, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic beta-cells, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, immune cells and osteoblasts. Deficiency of vitamin D leads to skeletal disorders like rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. The etiological causes of vitamin D deficiency are due to limited exposure to sunlight combined with lack of vitamin D-fortified foods or malabsorption. Alternatively, impaired hydroxylation of vitamin D in the liver or kidney can prevent the metabolism of the vitamin into its physiologically active form. Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) is associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders including dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, myopathies and schizophrenia. This study is a case control study included 108 subjects (80 subjects resembling the disease group and 20 subjects resembling the healthy control group) matching in their sociodemographic data in the period from January 2016 to January 2017. We found that (59.1%) of the diseased patients were with Vitamin D Deficiency versus (55%) in the control group with highly significant difference as regard vitamin D in diseased group and control group (p value=0.001). Also VDD in NMD were (47.5%) versus (55%) in controls with significant (P value0.009). While VDD in the stroke patients were (68.8%) versus (55%) in the control group with significant (p value 0=006).