ROLE OF CATALYST PREPARATIONS FOR THE REMOVAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Amira Said Hassan Mohamed;
Abstract
Active carbon was prepared cheapen from agricultural waste of date stone by chemical activation process using phosphoric acid and / or NaOH as activators and impregnated by different concentration with 5,10, 15% of copper acetate.
The selectivity and activity of the prepared solids were investigated through the heterogonous catalytic conversion of cyclohexane in flow system under normal pressure. The evaluation of the efficiency of the prepared solids for the removal of cadmium , ferrous , nickel and cobalt ions from an aqueous solution was studied as environmental application and the physiochemical studied was carried for all prepared samples. .
The main points derived from the investigation are summarized as follow:
1 Active carbon AC was prepared by activation of date stone by either H3PO4 producing ACP or NaOH producing ACS . The ACP and / or ACS was impregnated by copper acetate solution of 5 ,10 ,15 % concentration forming six solids as CuACPI , CuACPII , CuACPIII , CuACSI ,CuACSII and CuACSIII respectively .
2 The prepared solids were subjected to physiochemical studies as BET , TGA , DTA and X- ray diffraction . It was found from BET measurements that SBET for CuACS was allows had large value than that of CuACP . The SBET of CuACP was found to be decrease by 70.88 % with copper acetate concentration owing to the presence of copper phosphate which was showed from X- ray diffraction
3 The heterogeneous kinetics of the catalytic conversion of cyclohexane was studied over the prepared solids ACP and / or ACS in flow system under normal pressure at the temperature range 280-380 oC and different space velocity range (7.3-15.3 )x 10-2 min-1. The liquid products were unreacted cyclohexane , toluene , xylene ,naphalene for CuACP and benzene , Cyclohexene , unreacted cyclohexane , toluene , xylene ,naphalene for CuACS. The catalytic conversion of cyclohexane was independent on time of contact and the reaction was zero order .the average apparent energy was found 11.50 k cal / mol for CuACPcatalysts and 13.00 k cal / mol for CuACS catalysts . Generaly , this conversion obey the poly molecular mechanism and the CuACPcatalysts exhibit higher activity than CuACS catalysts . The CuACP catalysts found to be more selective toward alkylation .on other hand CuACS catalysts found to be more selective toward dehydrogenation .
4 As an environmental application CuACP and /or CuACS were investigated in removal heavy metals ions as Co+2 ,Ni+2,Fe+3 and Cd+.2 ions . The amount of heavy metal ions adsorbed increase with decreasing its concentration. . Adsorption isotherm parameter were calculated . RL and n values showed that the prepared adsorbents CuACP or CuACS are effective for the removal of Co+2 ,Ni+2,Fe+3 and Cd+2ions from an aqueous solutions .
The selectivity and activity of the prepared solids were investigated through the heterogonous catalytic conversion of cyclohexane in flow system under normal pressure. The evaluation of the efficiency of the prepared solids for the removal of cadmium , ferrous , nickel and cobalt ions from an aqueous solution was studied as environmental application and the physiochemical studied was carried for all prepared samples. .
The main points derived from the investigation are summarized as follow:
1 Active carbon AC was prepared by activation of date stone by either H3PO4 producing ACP or NaOH producing ACS . The ACP and / or ACS was impregnated by copper acetate solution of 5 ,10 ,15 % concentration forming six solids as CuACPI , CuACPII , CuACPIII , CuACSI ,CuACSII and CuACSIII respectively .
2 The prepared solids were subjected to physiochemical studies as BET , TGA , DTA and X- ray diffraction . It was found from BET measurements that SBET for CuACS was allows had large value than that of CuACP . The SBET of CuACP was found to be decrease by 70.88 % with copper acetate concentration owing to the presence of copper phosphate which was showed from X- ray diffraction
3 The heterogeneous kinetics of the catalytic conversion of cyclohexane was studied over the prepared solids ACP and / or ACS in flow system under normal pressure at the temperature range 280-380 oC and different space velocity range (7.3-15.3 )x 10-2 min-1. The liquid products were unreacted cyclohexane , toluene , xylene ,naphalene for CuACP and benzene , Cyclohexene , unreacted cyclohexane , toluene , xylene ,naphalene for CuACS. The catalytic conversion of cyclohexane was independent on time of contact and the reaction was zero order .the average apparent energy was found 11.50 k cal / mol for CuACPcatalysts and 13.00 k cal / mol for CuACS catalysts . Generaly , this conversion obey the poly molecular mechanism and the CuACPcatalysts exhibit higher activity than CuACS catalysts . The CuACP catalysts found to be more selective toward alkylation .on other hand CuACS catalysts found to be more selective toward dehydrogenation .
4 As an environmental application CuACP and /or CuACS were investigated in removal heavy metals ions as Co+2 ,Ni+2,Fe+3 and Cd+.2 ions . The amount of heavy metal ions adsorbed increase with decreasing its concentration. . Adsorption isotherm parameter were calculated . RL and n values showed that the prepared adsorbents CuACP or CuACS are effective for the removal of Co+2 ,Ni+2,Fe+3 and Cd+2ions from an aqueous solutions .
Other data
| Title | ROLE OF CATALYST PREPARATIONS FOR THE REMOVAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS | Other Titles | دور تحضير الحفازات في التخلص من المخاطر البيئية | Authors | Amira Said Hassan Mohamed | Issue Date | 2015 |
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