PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CLEOME SPECIES (CLEOMACEAE) GROWING IN EGYPT

Abstract

SUMMARY The thesis includes a study of the chemical constituents of C. africana, growing in Matrouhregion Egypt and C. droserifolia growing in St. Cathrine region, family Cleomaceae. The thesis consists of three parts: 1. Review of literature: A complete review of literature concerning the phytochemical constituents e.g. essential oils, terpenes, flavonoids, glucosinolates, alkaloids, anthocyanins and other compounds isolated fromCleomegenus as well as the biological activities includingantidiabetic, anticancer, antischistomiasis, antibacterial, analgesic,anti-inflammatory and antidiarrhea. 2. Phytochemical Study: A. The preliminary phytochemical screeningfor both species revealed the presence of carbohydrates and/ or glycosides, coumarines, flavonoids, anthraquinones, sterols and/ or terpenes, tannins and glucosinolates in both studied species. B. Investigation of the lipid consitituentsof both species resulted in identification of: i. A mixture of fatty alcohols and hydrocarbonsin the acetone insoluble fraction. In C. africana the fatty alcohols comprises four compounds in which tetratetracontanol is the main one 16.4%. While the hydrocarbons include seven compounds in which tetratriacontane is the main compound 24.44%. While C. droserifolia consists of two fatty alcohols and three hydrocarbons in which Dotriacontanoland Heptacosane are the main (27.27% and 12.26% respectively).