Some Trace elements in Patients With β thalassemia major

Abstract

Thalassemia is a hereditary anem1a resulting from defects m hemoglobin production(Higgs et al.,2001) . -Thalassemia, which 1s caused by a decrease in the production of -globin chains , affects multiple organs and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality(Cunningham et al., 2004) .

Accordingly, lifelong care is required and financial expenditures for proper treatment are substantial.Thalassemia is among the most common genetic disorders vvorldwide; 4.83 percent of the \\"Orld·s population carry globin variants, including 1.67 percent of the population who are heterozygous for a-Thalassemia and -Thalassemia. In addition. 1.92 percent carry sickle hemoglobin, 0.95 percent carry hemoglobin E. and 0.29 percent carry hemoglobin C. Thus, the \Vorldwide birth rate of

people who are homozygous or compound heterozygous for symptomatic globin disorders. including a -Thalassemia and -Thalassemia. is no less than 2.4 per I 000 births, of which 1.96 have sickle cell disease and 0.4-+ have thalassemias (Angastiniotis et al ., 1998 ) .

N/olecular ami cellular patlwlogr

0 -Thalassemia is caused by any of more than 200 point mutations and. rarely. by· deletions(Angastiniotis et al ., 1998 ) .