CLINICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC STUDY OF PERIPHERAL, AUTONOMIC AND CENTRAL NERVE FUNCTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycedua and ' disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism associated with absolute or

relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or action.(t) '

Classification:

An international Expert Committee, working under the sponsorship! of the I American Diabetes Association, was established in 1995. The committee published a I report In 1997 on the new diagnostic criteria and classification of diabetes mellitus.<:'l ?

The classification is as follows:

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus:

This condition is characterized by severe insulinopenia and dependence on I exogenous insulin to prevent ketosis and to preserve life, it was therefore, formerly

tez:med insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The onset predominantly in childhood, but it may come at any age. This type can be divided into: I

A. Immune mediated diabetes:

Which is characterized by pancreatic islet B cells destruction mediated by I immune mechanism. This form is clearly distinct by virtue of its association witl,1 certain

histocompatibility (human leukocyte antigens [HLAs]), and the presence of markers to ! immune destruction of beta cells which include islet cell autoantibodies 1 (ICAs),

autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs), autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase I (GADs), and autoantibodies to tyrosine phosphatases IA-2 and IA-2 beta.