New Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs For Atrial Fibrillation
Mohamed Maged Mahmoud Kharabish;
Abstract
Summary
A
trial fibrillation (AF) is an irregular heart rhythm, caused by extremely rapid and chaotic electrical impulses that are generated in the heart's atria This kind of rapid, chaotic electrical activity is called "fibrillation."
AF is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias, and it can be one of the most frustrating to deal with. While AF is not in itself a life-threatening arrhythmia, it often causes significant symptoms, and it can lead to more serious problems, such as stroke and worsening heart failure in people with heart disease.
Furthermore, as a general rule, whenever several different therapeutic approaches are available for any medical condition, it means that no "ideal" or "best" approach has yet been identified.
In AF, firstly, activity is transmitted to the ventricles, leading to a fast and very irregular heart beat.
Second, when the atria are fibrillating, they are no longer contracting effectively. So the normal coordination between the atria and the ventricles is lost. As a result, the heart works less efficiently.
And third, because the atria are no longer contracting effectively, after a time (usually after about 24 hours) blood clots can begin to form in the atria. These blood clots can eventually break off and travel to the brain, producing a stroke.
AF can be produced by several cardiac conditions, including CAD, valvular heart disease, chronic hypertension, pericarditis, it is also fairly common with hyperthyroidism, pneumonia or pulmonary embolus.
Ingestion of caffeine, amphetamines or other stimulants (such as cold remedies containing pseudoephedrine) can cause AF in some people.Idiopathic AF is often a condition associated with aging, it is common in people who are 80 or 90 years old.
AF is often classified into 3 types:paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF.The cornerstones of AF management are rhythm control, rate control and anticoagulation.AF is treated surgically, catheter based ablation and pharmacologically.
Novel anti-arrhythmic drugs with conventional antiarrhythmic mechanisms are under investigation in AF were discussed , including: newer multiple-channel blockers with a better safety profile and specific agents targeting atrial repolarization. Agents with unconventional modes of action are envisioned, such as: stretch receptor antagonists, blockers of the sodium – calcium exchanger, late sodium channel inhibitors, and gap junction modulators, which may improve ‘the communication’ between cells ‘Upstream’ therapies with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, and omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have theoretical advantages as potential novel therapeutic strategies.
A
trial fibrillation (AF) is an irregular heart rhythm, caused by extremely rapid and chaotic electrical impulses that are generated in the heart's atria This kind of rapid, chaotic electrical activity is called "fibrillation."
AF is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias, and it can be one of the most frustrating to deal with. While AF is not in itself a life-threatening arrhythmia, it often causes significant symptoms, and it can lead to more serious problems, such as stroke and worsening heart failure in people with heart disease.
Furthermore, as a general rule, whenever several different therapeutic approaches are available for any medical condition, it means that no "ideal" or "best" approach has yet been identified.
In AF, firstly, activity is transmitted to the ventricles, leading to a fast and very irregular heart beat.
Second, when the atria are fibrillating, they are no longer contracting effectively. So the normal coordination between the atria and the ventricles is lost. As a result, the heart works less efficiently.
And third, because the atria are no longer contracting effectively, after a time (usually after about 24 hours) blood clots can begin to form in the atria. These blood clots can eventually break off and travel to the brain, producing a stroke.
AF can be produced by several cardiac conditions, including CAD, valvular heart disease, chronic hypertension, pericarditis, it is also fairly common with hyperthyroidism, pneumonia or pulmonary embolus.
Ingestion of caffeine, amphetamines or other stimulants (such as cold remedies containing pseudoephedrine) can cause AF in some people.Idiopathic AF is often a condition associated with aging, it is common in people who are 80 or 90 years old.
AF is often classified into 3 types:paroxysmal, persistent and permanent AF.The cornerstones of AF management are rhythm control, rate control and anticoagulation.AF is treated surgically, catheter based ablation and pharmacologically.
Novel anti-arrhythmic drugs with conventional antiarrhythmic mechanisms are under investigation in AF were discussed , including: newer multiple-channel blockers with a better safety profile and specific agents targeting atrial repolarization. Agents with unconventional modes of action are envisioned, such as: stretch receptor antagonists, blockers of the sodium – calcium exchanger, late sodium channel inhibitors, and gap junction modulators, which may improve ‘the communication’ between cells ‘Upstream’ therapies with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, and omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have theoretical advantages as potential novel therapeutic strategies.
Other data
| Title | New Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs For Atrial Fibrillation | Other Titles | الأدوية الحديثة المستخدمة في علاج التذبذب الأذيني | Authors | Mohamed Maged Mahmoud Kharabish | Issue Date | 2014 |
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