Comparative study of rotaviruses and adenoviruses as viral pollution indicators candidates in Egyptian aquatic environment
Marwa Abd El-Hamid Kamel Ismael;
Abstract
Water samples were collected from different treatment steps of Giza water treatment plant in Great Cairo monthly for two successive years from July 2009 to June 2011. At the same time, sewage samples were collected from different treatment steps of Zenin waste water treatment plant in Great Cairo to compare between human adenoviruses and rotaviruses to choose the most suitable candidate to serve as a viral indicator of human viral contamination in the Egyptian aquatic environment.
The Frequency of rotaviruses in water samples collected from Giza water treatment plant were 29.2% ( 7/ 24), 25% (6/24) , 20.8% (5/24) and 12.5% (3/24) in raw water , after sedimentation , after sand filtration and after chlorination; respectively, while The Frequency load of Adenoviruses in the same water samples were 70.8 % (17/24), 62.5 %( 15/24) 37.5 %( 9/24) and 25 % (6/24) in row water, after sedimentation, after sand filtration and after chlorination; respectively.
The Frequency of rotaviruses in sewage samples which collected from Zenin wastewater treatment plant was 16.7%(4/ 24),20.8% (5/24) ,16.7% (4/24) and 16.7% (4/24) in raw sewage , after primary treatment , after secondary treatment and after chlorination ; respectively, while The Frequency of Adenoviruses in the same samples are (91.6%) in row sewage ,(87.5 % ( after pòhmary treatment, (75%) afteò!ódcondary treatment and (50%) after chlorination ; respectively.
A total of 110 stool specimens obtained from children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea during May 2011 to April 2012 from Abo-El Rish hospital in Great Cairo, 24 out of 110 samples (21.8%) were positive for Adenoviruses, while 35 out of 110 samples (31.8%) were positive for rotaviruses, the rotaviruses exhibit an obvious seasonal variation where the highest frequency of rotaviruses were detected during the winter season (the peak of rotaviruses) in (November- February). While the lowest frequency was detected during the spring and the summer seasons (all samples were negative in (July and August). On the other hand, no peak for adenoviruses was noticed in this study (the Frequency of adenoviruses was Homogeneous all over the year). The co infection was noticed during this study, especially during the cold season, the numbers of coinfected samples were 11 out of 110 (10%).
Sequence analysis of 24 PCR positive adenovirus samples were carried out, data indicated that 19 samples ( 6 raw sewage , 5 Nile Water and 8 clinical samples) showed similar sequence cluster with human adenovirus 41 strain 503804/KOL / 2009 hexon gene with 94% homology. It indicated also that 5 PCR positive adenovirus samples (2 raw sewage and 3 Nile water samples) showed similar sequence cluster with human adenovirus 2 strain N3773 /TW/ 05-2 hexon gene with 98% homology. Sequence analysis of 16 RT-PCR positive rotavirus samples (4 row sewage, 4 Nile water and 8 clinical samples) showed that all the sequences clustered with rotavirus VP6 with 98% homology.
The Frequency of rotaviruses in water samples collected from Giza water treatment plant were 29.2% ( 7/ 24), 25% (6/24) , 20.8% (5/24) and 12.5% (3/24) in raw water , after sedimentation , after sand filtration and after chlorination; respectively, while The Frequency load of Adenoviruses in the same water samples were 70.8 % (17/24), 62.5 %( 15/24) 37.5 %( 9/24) and 25 % (6/24) in row water, after sedimentation, after sand filtration and after chlorination; respectively.
The Frequency of rotaviruses in sewage samples which collected from Zenin wastewater treatment plant was 16.7%(4/ 24),20.8% (5/24) ,16.7% (4/24) and 16.7% (4/24) in raw sewage , after primary treatment , after secondary treatment and after chlorination ; respectively, while The Frequency of Adenoviruses in the same samples are (91.6%) in row sewage ,(87.5 % ( after pòhmary treatment, (75%) afteò!ódcondary treatment and (50%) after chlorination ; respectively.
A total of 110 stool specimens obtained from children under 5 years of age with acute diarrhea during May 2011 to April 2012 from Abo-El Rish hospital in Great Cairo, 24 out of 110 samples (21.8%) were positive for Adenoviruses, while 35 out of 110 samples (31.8%) were positive for rotaviruses, the rotaviruses exhibit an obvious seasonal variation where the highest frequency of rotaviruses were detected during the winter season (the peak of rotaviruses) in (November- February). While the lowest frequency was detected during the spring and the summer seasons (all samples were negative in (July and August). On the other hand, no peak for adenoviruses was noticed in this study (the Frequency of adenoviruses was Homogeneous all over the year). The co infection was noticed during this study, especially during the cold season, the numbers of coinfected samples were 11 out of 110 (10%).
Sequence analysis of 24 PCR positive adenovirus samples were carried out, data indicated that 19 samples ( 6 raw sewage , 5 Nile Water and 8 clinical samples) showed similar sequence cluster with human adenovirus 41 strain 503804/KOL / 2009 hexon gene with 94% homology. It indicated also that 5 PCR positive adenovirus samples (2 raw sewage and 3 Nile water samples) showed similar sequence cluster with human adenovirus 2 strain N3773 /TW/ 05-2 hexon gene with 98% homology. Sequence analysis of 16 RT-PCR positive rotavirus samples (4 row sewage, 4 Nile water and 8 clinical samples) showed that all the sequences clustered with rotavirus VP6 with 98% homology.
Other data
| Title | Comparative study of rotaviruses and adenoviruses as viral pollution indicators candidates in Egyptian aquatic environment | Other Titles | دراسة مقارنة بين فيروسات الروتا و فيروسات الأدينو كأدلة على التلوث الفيروسىي فى البيئة المائية المصرية | Authors | Marwa Abd El-Hamid Kamel Ismael | Issue Date | 2014 |
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