MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE ANTI-HELICOBACTER PYLORI PRODUCED FROM SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS

Abstract

SUMMARY H elicobacter pylori is now known to cause peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric MALT lymphoma. This study was conducted to 36 dyspeptic patients showed positive endoscopic findings where the biopsies were obtained from their antral gastric mucosa. H. pylori isolates were detected in 58.5% of the patients complaining from duodenal ulcer, in 25% of cases with gastric ulcer and in 22% of patients with gastritis and duodenitis. Some H. pylori negative cases included in this study showed other microorganisms in their specimens namely: Staphylococcus sp., yeast, Bacillus sp. and other gram negative rods bacteria. All 15 H. pylori isolates were resistant to metronidazole and amoxicillin while tetracycline and levofloxacin were found to be the most effective tested antibiotics. Concerning amoxicillin /clavulanic acid 53.5% of isolates were resistant, 46.9% were intermediate and no sensitive ones, while the resistance to clarithromycin was 86.6%. This study aimed to detect the antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against isolated H. pylori strains. The plants conducted to investigate their anti-H. pylori were; Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees (cinnamon), Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme), Syzygium aromaticum Ranee Prakash (clove), Allium sativum L. (garlic) and Anethum graveolens L. (dill). The microbiological study carried out by agar diffusion method and and revealed that all tested plant essential oils and other extracts had anti-H.pylori activity but with variable degrees. The study showed that the anti-H.pylori activity of cinnamon oil and thyme oil had strong anti-H. pylori activity. The mean inhibition zone (MIZ) of both cinnamon oil and thyme oil were about 30 mm, also the MIC of both cinnamon oil and thyme oil were between 1.56% and 6.25% (v/v). In contrast, garlic oil (MIZ =15.40 mm and the MIC was 50% v/v) had lower activity than all other tested plant oils. While dill oil and clove oil showed moderate activity. The present work revealed that the methanol extract of cinnamon was high and had much higher anti-H.pylori activity than aqueous extract of cinnamon. In contrary, the methanol extract of thyme was comparable to the thyme aqueous extracts where their activities were low. Concerning the antimicrobial activity of the garlic extracts, the n-hexan extract had high activity and was more active as anti-H. pylori than aqueous extracts that had moderate activity. The methanol extract of dill had low activity but aqueous extracts had moderate activity. The obtained results revealed that the methanol extract of clove had high activity but the aqueous extracts had moderate activity. The present study deals with phytochemical on cinnamon and thyme. The results from the GC of cinnamon oil showed that the prevailing compound was cinnamaicaldehyde 55% and a lesser percentage of other compounds including β-caryophylline 15%, trans-cinnamoayl acetate10%, linalool 6.5% and eugenol 2.8%. While, The results from the GC of thyme oil revealed the presence of the following compounds; the major constituents of the thyme oil was thymol 45% followed by p-cymene 37%, terpinol 7.5% and linalool 5%.