Study the Effect of Ionizing Radiation on the Eruption Rate of Albino Rat Incisors

Abstract

In the recent years, the average of cancer had increased for childhood especially head and neck cancer. Usually the treatment of cancer is using chemotherapy or combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Using ionizing radiation in cancer treatment is useful but it causes damage in normal tissues located in the field of radiation. Even with the most optimal radiotherapeutic schedule, unwanted radiation-induced changes will occur in oral tissues. Growth retardation of the facial skeleton in children after irradiation affects mainly the skin, jaws, teeth and tissue oral tissue.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible direct effects of different doses of gamma radiation on the dental tissue responsible for eruption. The study included numerical measurements of eruption rate, histological investigation using light microscope and spectral analysis using FTIR spectrometer. 105 Albino rats were used in this study. The rats were classified into 7 groups according to the following: C1: Control group was kept away from the building of radiation facility. C1: Control group was moved with the irradiated groups but kept outside the irradiation cell. R1: irradiated with 0.5 Gy. R2: irradiated with 1.0 Gy. R3: irradiated with 2.0 Gy. R4: irradiated with 4.0 Gy. R5: irradiated with 6.0 Gy.

A reference point on the lower incisors of each rat was made by a diamond stone with a low speed motor under copious cooling. The eruption rate was measured every 3 days during the experiment period (15 days) so that there were five measures (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days). For histological examination and spectral analysis, three rats were scarified from each group after the eruption rate measurement.

The rats were killed by cervical dislocation and the lower mandible were dissected into two halves. One half of each mandible was identified and prepared for histological examination to apical region, ameloblasts, odontoblasts and periodontal ligament by decalcifying and staining it with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H