Study of some Immuno-Genetic Markers for Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Among Siblings of lnsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Alexandria

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is defined by the presence of classical symptoms of diabetes such as thirst, polyuria, wasting, and/or ketoacidosis and the necessity for insulin treatment not only to control the hyperglycemia and symptoms but to prevent the spontaneous occurrence of ketoacidosis

Usually the fasting blood or plasma glucose concentration is unequivocally elevated(> 140 mg/dl or> 7.8 mtnol) and glucose and ketones are present in the urine. Glucose tolerance testing is rarely necessary to make a diagnosis. The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus usually is made on the basis of symptoms and these biochemical parameters alone. (l) However, the new diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus have been modified from those previously recommended by the NDDG or WHO, and for epidemiological studies, estimates of diabetes prevalence and incidence should be based on a FPG;::::: 126 mg/dl.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most comtnon fonn of diabetes m children and young adults, particularly those of northern European origin. The disease has a much lower incidence among persons of