Sleep Disorders in Children with Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Lung Diseases

Abstract

This case-control study was carried out in Pediatric chest clinic, Children Hospital, Ain Shams University during the period of June 2015 to January 2016.The study included50 children, who were further subdivided into 20 asthmatic children and 20 chronic lung disease (CLD) children from those regularly attending the Pediatric chest clinic for follow up.10 apparently healthy children were chosen as control group, who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Children Hospital, Ain Shams University. Asthmatic patients were further subdivided into mild (8 Patients), moderate (7 Patients), and severe (5 Patients) according to (GINA 2015) Also, asthmatic patient were subdivided according to level of control into controlled (9 Patients), partially controlled (5 patients) and uncontrolled (6 Patients). All studied children were well assessed by careful history taking, through clinical examination,Spirometery pulmonary function test, Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and Polysomnogram Positive Pediatric sleep questionnaire scores (˃ 0.33) patients which suggesting high risk of sleep breathing disorderswas recorded in 60% of asthmatics, 44% of CLD patients and 30% of control group, however, Polysomnogram confirmedsleep breathing disorder diagnosis in 35%of asthmatic, 20% in CLD patients and 10% in control group A statistically significant increase in N.of arousals, sleep latency and O2 desaturation index in asthmatic patients compared to control.(P˂0.005) A statistically significant decrease in sleep efficiency and Spo2%in asthmatic patients and patients with CLD compared to control group. (P˂0.005) A statistically significantincrease of apnea –hypopnea index (AHI) in the studied patients compared to control group. Patients with sleep breathing disorders showed a statistically significantdecrease in FEV1(% pred) and FVC(% pred) compared to those patients who did not have sleep breathing disorders.