Assessment of systemic toxicity of Para-phenylenediamine after dermal application in adult albino rats

Abstract

The current study revealed that the dermal application of PPD results in significant liver, kidney and muscles affection. This was proved by biochemical blood changes in the form of significant elevation of serum (ALT and AST), serum creatinine and BUN as well as serum CPK. The study also revealed that PPD is genotoxic substance and causes significant DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. This was evaluated by Comet assay. The changes in biochemical parameters as well as DNA damage were reported more significantly among rats exposed to higher doses of PPD (15 mg) and rats with longer duration(12 weeks) of application (dose and duration dependent). Different mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic toxic effect of PPD and all could be attributed to lipid peroxidation and increased free radicals formation which are responsible for the deleterious tissue damage in different organs.