Assessment of Sub-Endometrial Blood Flow and Endometrial Leukemia Inhibitory Factor as a Marker for Endometrial Receptivity in Women with Unexplained Infertility

Abstract

Infertility is said to be idiopathic or unexplained when a couple does not conceive and no definite cause of infer¬tility can be diagnosed after a complete evaluation. Despite improved diagnostic techniques, the average incidence of unexplained infertility has been reported to be approximately 15%. So far, there is no agreement neither regarding stan¬dard infertility evaluation nor regarding standard pro¬tocol of management of unexplained infertility. The classic investigations included conven¬tional semen analysis, mid luteal serum progesterone and pelvic ultrasound. Tubal factor is assessed by hysterosalpingography, laparoscopy and hysterosonography. Successful implantation requires a receptive endometrium, a normal and functional embryo at the blastocyst developmental stage and a synchronized dialogue between maternal and embryonic tissues. Implantation involves a complex sequence of signaling