Secondary Third Ventriculostomy in Shunt Malfunction A Systematic Review Study

Abstract

The Study review yielded thirteen relevant papers matching with the study main topic" Secondary third ventriculostomy in shunt malfunction" and the predefined inclusion criteria. With total number of patients four hundred and ninety seven (497) patients operated for Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in variable cases of shunt malfunction either mechanical failure and shunt infection. Secondary ETV showed to be successful in 342 cases (68.8%) in the form of shunt independence and failure in 155 cases (31.18%) with median follow up period 3 years (range 0.5-5.2 years). Secondary Endoscopic ventriculostomy found to be effective in patients with shunt failure, with rates of success of 75.5% in cases of hydrocephalus secondary to acqueductal stenosis and tumors while success rate drop to be 58.5% in post meningitic and 42.2% in cases of intra-ventricular hemorrhage. Five studies with total number of 191 patients, showed age of patient at time of ETV and also primary etiology of hydrocephalus found to be of no statistical value. The median age of patients enrolled is 14 years with mean age ranging from 1.8 years to 32 years. Not all studies data analysis included age categorization only five studies Included age grouping into patient's age below two years, those ages more than two years and less than or equal to eighteen years and adults above the age of eighteen years with success rates in each age group showing success rate greatest in the adults 76.9% and least in the children group below two years of age 47%.