CONTAMINANTS DIFFUSION FROM IRRIGATION WATER J, MANAGED BY OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE

Abstract

This study is motivated by the increase of the water salinity in Qaroun lake and the soil salinity in Fayoum basin. Fayoum basin is an agricultural land receives its water from the Nile river. The actual crops in Fayoum suffer from water stress due to the poor consonance between the water supply and the crops requirements. The Fayoum drainage water flows to Qaroun lake and Wadi Rayan lakes where it evaporates leaving salts. The high water salinity reduced the fishing and the tourism activities in the basin. The non controlled drainage water increases the lake water level causing soil problems. Wadi Rayan lakes are used recently as bypass to deliver a suitable water volume to Qaroun lake. The rest drainage water flows to wadi Rayan lakes.

This study comprises a comprehensive simulation of water and salts behavior through a development of a numerical optimization model. The used optimization technique is linear programming, which determines the absolute optimum solution and not a local one. The present work aims to determine a suitable crops distribution in Fayoum basin to result a specified drainage water distribution. This drainage water results minimum salt load and allowable water levels in Qaroun and Wadi Rayan lakes. Two different cases are studied considering the water supply. The maximum and minimum capacities of the water channels are concerned. The system is described and discussed including the different parameters in chapter two. The problems are analyzed with the previous solutions in chapter three. The theoretical approach is estimated in chapter four. Chapter five describes and formulates the developed model. The results are analyzed and verified in chapter six.