Thulium Doped Optical Fiber Amplifiers

Abstract

Like any communication system, the signal in optical fibers suffers from attenuation. So, the use of amplifiers is so important to increase the optical signal power. Optical fiber amplifiers based on rare earth elements play an important role in the telecommunications. Recently, efforts are in progress to extend the wavelength bands of optical telecommunication beyond the conventional C-band (153 1565 nm) into the S-band (1440-1530 nm}, L-band (1565-1625 nm) and U-band (1625-1675 nm). Also, to realize the practical application in these new communication bands, efficient optical amplifiers must be developed for each band using a proper combination of host glasses and dopant rare-earth ions.