Sleep apnea syndrome In anesthesia & critical Care
Mahmoud Ahmed Kamel;
Abstract
Sleep is not homogeneous but varies within 2 distinct states REM
sleep and NREM sleep
The physiology of REM and NRcEM sleep varies considerably; during NREM sleep and the automatic nervous system is relatively quiescent and the respiratory rate, blood pressure reaches their lowest levels. In contrast, REM sleep is a time of increased automatic activation, manifested by periodic elevations in the heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure.
Obstructive sleep apnea is defined as the cessation of respiration for at least I0 seconds in the presence of continued respiratory effmt. In serious severe cases, apnea periods are repeated from 30 to I 00 times per hour in the night sleep.
The consequences of episodic apnea by the patient, there is no further gas exchange between the lungs and atmosphere. 02 reserve limited to the air within the residual volume of the lungs and the content in the blood volume.
There is progressive drop in atterial oxygen tension (Pa02). The apneic related hypoxia causes a marked rise in systemic and pulmonary arterial blood pressure. Corpulmonal and serious cardiac arrhythmias often result if left untreated. AJ•ousal is due to hypoxia and accumulation of C02 •
The clinical picture of these patients are:
1- Snoring - apnea - arousal cycles which result in interrupted restless sleep pattern.
sleep and NREM sleep
The physiology of REM and NRcEM sleep varies considerably; during NREM sleep and the automatic nervous system is relatively quiescent and the respiratory rate, blood pressure reaches their lowest levels. In contrast, REM sleep is a time of increased automatic activation, manifested by periodic elevations in the heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure.
Obstructive sleep apnea is defined as the cessation of respiration for at least I0 seconds in the presence of continued respiratory effmt. In serious severe cases, apnea periods are repeated from 30 to I 00 times per hour in the night sleep.
The consequences of episodic apnea by the patient, there is no further gas exchange between the lungs and atmosphere. 02 reserve limited to the air within the residual volume of the lungs and the content in the blood volume.
There is progressive drop in atterial oxygen tension (Pa02). The apneic related hypoxia causes a marked rise in systemic and pulmonary arterial blood pressure. Corpulmonal and serious cardiac arrhythmias often result if left untreated. AJ•ousal is due to hypoxia and accumulation of C02 •
The clinical picture of these patients are:
1- Snoring - apnea - arousal cycles which result in interrupted restless sleep pattern.
Other data
| Title | Sleep apnea syndrome In anesthesia & critical Care | Other Titles | توقف النفس الإنسدادى أثناء النوم فى التخدير والرعاية الحرجة | Authors | Mahmoud Ahmed Kamel | Issue Date | 2005 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.