Recent Advances in Management of Acute Kidney Injury Following cardiac surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract

A cute kidney injury following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is a common clinical problem which is associated with poor outcomes. The incidence of sustaining acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring dialysis following cardiac surgery varies greatly by procedure up to 5% of patients develop renal failure requiring dialysis following cardiac surgery. Early identification of patients at risk for AKI-CPB is an important strategy to better care for patients during the postoperative period. The conduct of CPB during cardiac surgery may affect the incidence of post-operative ARF. Limiting the duration of CPB and maintaining adequate flow and perfusion pressure are of primary importance. Hypothermia during CPB has conventionally been used for organ protection through reduction of metabolic activity and amelioration of ischemic stress. Nevertheless, few studies have demonstrated that the use of normothermia may yield comparable, if not improved, clinical outcomes in CABG.