“Treatment of Ammonia and Phosphate from Water Resources Through the Use of Free and Immobilized Microalgae”
Ahmed Mohamed Bayomi Hassan;
Abstract
Biological uptake of Scenedesmus quadricauda microalga was studied for ammonia and phosphate from their aqueous solutions.
The treatment process was studied using different forms of Scenedesmus quadricauda i.e. free microalga, immobilized and co-immobilized microalga in small calcium alginate beads. The maximum removal percentage of 1 mg/l ammonia and phosphate reaches up to 100% and 86% at 4th day respectively. Meanwhile for 5 mg/l ammonia and phosphate, the maximum removal percentage reaches 91.8 % at 4th day and 61% at 6th day respectively, using free microalga. To solve the harvesting problem; immobilization process was carried out for microalga and the removal percentage of immobilized microalga was nearly close to the removal percentage of free microalga.
The removal percentage enhanced by the addition of microalga growth promoting bacteria MGPB Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus megatherium reaching removal capacity up to 100% ammonium, and 80.4% phosphate at 2nd and 6th days respectively, compared to 100% ammonium, and 61% phosphate at
4th and 6th day respectively by the immobilized microalga.
The optimal conditions of ammonia removal were: for free microalga at 95% algal concentration ratio and after 4 days of cultivation, and for immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 4 days of cultivation and for co-immobilized alga at medium concentration beads after 2 days of cultivation. Meanwhile, the optimum conditions for phosphate removal were: for free alga at 95% alga concentration ratio and after 6 days of cultivation, and for immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 6 days of cultivation, and for co-immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 6 days of cultivation.
This study demonstrated that using of microalga of Scenedesmus quadricauda shown effective treatment for both ammonia and phosphate; hence using microalga is promising to solve the problem of ammonia and phosphate in polluted water resources in Egypt taken the beneficiary that this technique is low- cost, eco-friendly and natural tool that has high affinity and capacity to treat ammonia and phosphate turning both into biomass which can further used as a bio fuel or fertilizer.
Hence, it is recommended to continue focusing the research for applying the microalga, as well as all the other microalgae having the same characteristics in the field of water treatment. Also, it is the time to begin thinking in using these techniques in the water and wastewater treatment.
The treatment process was studied using different forms of Scenedesmus quadricauda i.e. free microalga, immobilized and co-immobilized microalga in small calcium alginate beads. The maximum removal percentage of 1 mg/l ammonia and phosphate reaches up to 100% and 86% at 4th day respectively. Meanwhile for 5 mg/l ammonia and phosphate, the maximum removal percentage reaches 91.8 % at 4th day and 61% at 6th day respectively, using free microalga. To solve the harvesting problem; immobilization process was carried out for microalga and the removal percentage of immobilized microalga was nearly close to the removal percentage of free microalga.
The removal percentage enhanced by the addition of microalga growth promoting bacteria MGPB Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus megatherium reaching removal capacity up to 100% ammonium, and 80.4% phosphate at 2nd and 6th days respectively, compared to 100% ammonium, and 61% phosphate at
4th and 6th day respectively by the immobilized microalga.
The optimal conditions of ammonia removal were: for free microalga at 95% algal concentration ratio and after 4 days of cultivation, and for immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 4 days of cultivation and for co-immobilized alga at medium concentration beads after 2 days of cultivation. Meanwhile, the optimum conditions for phosphate removal were: for free alga at 95% alga concentration ratio and after 6 days of cultivation, and for immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 6 days of cultivation, and for co-immobilized alga at high concentration beads after 6 days of cultivation.
This study demonstrated that using of microalga of Scenedesmus quadricauda shown effective treatment for both ammonia and phosphate; hence using microalga is promising to solve the problem of ammonia and phosphate in polluted water resources in Egypt taken the beneficiary that this technique is low- cost, eco-friendly and natural tool that has high affinity and capacity to treat ammonia and phosphate turning both into biomass which can further used as a bio fuel or fertilizer.
Hence, it is recommended to continue focusing the research for applying the microalga, as well as all the other microalgae having the same characteristics in the field of water treatment. Also, it is the time to begin thinking in using these techniques in the water and wastewater treatment.
Other data
| Title | “Treatment of Ammonia and Phosphate from Water Resources Through the Use of Free and Immobilized Microalgae” | Other Titles | "معالجة الامونيا والفوسفات من مصادر المياه باستخدام الطحالب الدقيقة" | Authors | Ahmed Mohamed Bayomi Hassan | Issue Date | 2015 |
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