Characterization of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Gram negative bacteria in an intensive care unit

Abstract

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Gram negative bacteria were considered one of the major health problems in Egyptian hospitals. However, data on the prevalence of these serious organisms in Egyptian intensive care units (ICUs) are still few. This study aimed to detect of the multidrug-resistance and ESBLs-production among Gram negative bacterial isolates in ICUs. One hundred fifty eight bacterial isolates were collected during the period from February to April, 2013 from patients with different nosocomial infections in ICUs of Kasr El-Aini Hospital, Cairo. Male patients were more prevalent than females, most of them were ˃45 year. Respiratory tract infections were the most common infections among patients (39.2%) followed by wound and blood stream infections (28.5%, 15.2%), respectively. K. pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp. were the most common pathogens 25.9%, 25.3%, respectively. In addition, E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., and other species belong to Enterobacteriaceae were isolated as well. Susceptibility test showed that 87.3 % of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, however, 60% of Enterobacteria-ceae isolates were highly sensitive to tigecyclin. All isolates were phenotypically and genotypiclally tested for ESBL- production; 63.3% of the isolates were ESBL-producers, some isolates produced more than one ESBL genotype. The highest number of ESBL-producers was observed in E. coli (18/20, 90%) followed by K. pneumoniae 34/41(82.9%). It was observed that 90% of ESBL-producing isolates were multidrug-resistant.