Natural Orifice TransluminalEndoscopic Surgery and Allied Techniques

Abstract

According to the continued revolution of flexible endoscopy by entering the surgical therapeutic fields and the success of surgery in eliminating the invasiveness of the human body, Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery originates. NOTES depends on scarless invasive surgeries to reach the internal organs via human natural orifices like mouth, anus, vagina and recently urethera to perform different types of complicated surgeries aiming to reach the same and may be more than the advantages of current minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery like decrease the post operative period and pain with its benefit on the patient and the hospitals. And for development of this new type of surgery, NOTES was first tried on animal model in many fields varing from, splenectomy, hysterectomy, tubal ligations, gastroenteroanastomosis, peritoneoscopy, liver biopsy and herniorrhaphy appendectomy, cholecystectomy, oopherectomy, biopsies reaching to full abdominal exploration with various and wide creation of new generation of instruments used in this complicated type of surgery with recent successful trials in humans. NOTES still facing many challenges like any new development in surgery and it is so early to fully evaluate NOTES as it still need further and more researches and trials to achieve its role in being the new paradigm of surgeon.