BIOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT ON THE ROLE OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE AND SILYMARIN IN HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENT DUE TO TREATMENT WITH PARACETAMOL
Nahla Ezz Eldin Abd Elrazek;
Abstract
Medicinal herbs and extracts prepared from them are widely used in the treatment of liver diseases like hepatitis, cirrhosis, and loss of appetite.
Standardized milk thistle extract is known as silymarin. Silymarin itself is a mixture of at least seven chemicals. The most active of these chemicals is commonly known as silybin. Silymarin possess antidote properties.
So the present study was performed to evaluate the role of silymarin as natural extract in comparison to antioxidant drug (N-Acetyl cysteine). Which used as an antidote for poisoning with drugs It reduces paracetamol poisoning through supply the body with a sulfhydryl group to combine with the toxic metabolites of paracetamol and remove it safely through the kidney.
The parameters studied in the current work were plasma ALT, AST, GGT and LDH, as well as plasma concentration of T. protein, T. bilirubin, urea, creatinine and uric acid. Moreover, liver GSH content, SOD, GPx, GST, catalase activities and the concentration of MDA as well as histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues .
Males Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (98) weighing (150-175 g), divided into seven groups; each group is composed of fourteen rats then sub divided into two sub groups one of them maintained under treatments for two months and the other for four months. Group I, Control group animals left without any treatments and were given distilled water using stomach tube. Group II, animals received PCM (600 mg/kg). Group III, animals received Silymarin (100 mg/kg). Group IV, animals received NAC (140 mg/kg) .Group V, animals received silymarin and PCM. Group VI, animals received NAC and PCM. Group VII, animals received silymarin, NAC and PCM. All treated animals administrated with (paracetamol – silymarin - N-acetyl cysteine) orally using stomach tube day after day and scarified after the period of experiment.
The results of the present study can be summarized as follows:
1 - PCM administrated recorded a highly significant increase in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT and LDH), T. bilirubin, kidney function (urea, creatinine and uric acid) as well as MAD concentration at two and four months of treatment. On the other hand, significant decrease was recorded in T. protein, GST activities and a highly significant decrease in GSH content, and the activities of GPx, SOD and catalase in liver homogenate.
2 – In silymarin treatments there is a non-significant change of liver enzymes, kidney function, T. protein, T. bilirubin, uric acid and antioxidant enzymes in liver homogenate, it also revealed a significant decrease in MDA when compared with control group. The same results recorded in NAC administration
3 – Treatment with silymarin + NAC + PCM, showed a marked restoration of the tested biochemical parameters, which may be due to production of glutathione (powerful antioxidant) and the decrease in liver lipid peroxidation.
4 –Moreover, hepatic and renal injury was completely cured by silymarin in comparison to NAC. This indicates that silymarin could be used as independent therapy and food supplement.
Additionally silymarin may be used for production of a safe form of paracetamol composed from PCM plus silymarin due to silymarin antidote properties.
Standardized milk thistle extract is known as silymarin. Silymarin itself is a mixture of at least seven chemicals. The most active of these chemicals is commonly known as silybin. Silymarin possess antidote properties.
So the present study was performed to evaluate the role of silymarin as natural extract in comparison to antioxidant drug (N-Acetyl cysteine). Which used as an antidote for poisoning with drugs It reduces paracetamol poisoning through supply the body with a sulfhydryl group to combine with the toxic metabolites of paracetamol and remove it safely through the kidney.
The parameters studied in the current work were plasma ALT, AST, GGT and LDH, as well as plasma concentration of T. protein, T. bilirubin, urea, creatinine and uric acid. Moreover, liver GSH content, SOD, GPx, GST, catalase activities and the concentration of MDA as well as histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues .
Males Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (98) weighing (150-175 g), divided into seven groups; each group is composed of fourteen rats then sub divided into two sub groups one of them maintained under treatments for two months and the other for four months. Group I, Control group animals left without any treatments and were given distilled water using stomach tube. Group II, animals received PCM (600 mg/kg). Group III, animals received Silymarin (100 mg/kg). Group IV, animals received NAC (140 mg/kg) .Group V, animals received silymarin and PCM. Group VI, animals received NAC and PCM. Group VII, animals received silymarin, NAC and PCM. All treated animals administrated with (paracetamol – silymarin - N-acetyl cysteine) orally using stomach tube day after day and scarified after the period of experiment.
The results of the present study can be summarized as follows:
1 - PCM administrated recorded a highly significant increase in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT and LDH), T. bilirubin, kidney function (urea, creatinine and uric acid) as well as MAD concentration at two and four months of treatment. On the other hand, significant decrease was recorded in T. protein, GST activities and a highly significant decrease in GSH content, and the activities of GPx, SOD and catalase in liver homogenate.
2 – In silymarin treatments there is a non-significant change of liver enzymes, kidney function, T. protein, T. bilirubin, uric acid and antioxidant enzymes in liver homogenate, it also revealed a significant decrease in MDA when compared with control group. The same results recorded in NAC administration
3 – Treatment with silymarin + NAC + PCM, showed a marked restoration of the tested biochemical parameters, which may be due to production of glutathione (powerful antioxidant) and the decrease in liver lipid peroxidation.
4 –Moreover, hepatic and renal injury was completely cured by silymarin in comparison to NAC. This indicates that silymarin could be used as independent therapy and food supplement.
Additionally silymarin may be used for production of a safe form of paracetamol composed from PCM plus silymarin due to silymarin antidote properties.
Other data
| Title | BIOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT ON THE ROLE OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE AND SILYMARIN IN HEPATOPROTECTIVE AGENT DUE TO TREATMENT WITH PARACETAMOL | Other Titles | تقييم بيوكيميائي علي دور N ـ استيل سيستين والسيليمارين في حماية الكبد من السمية الناتجة عن العلاج بالباراسيتامول | Authors | Nahla Ezz Eldin Abd Elrazek | Issue Date | 2015 |
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