Immunonutrition use in post operative critically ill patients
Amr Mahmoud MohamedainHammad;
Abstract
The vocabulary and practice of nutrition support of critically ill patients have changed significantly in recent years and new nutripharmaceuticals and disease-oriented nutritional support have become integral components of patient care in the new era of comprehensive management.
The question to be answered is when to feed and what to feed critically ill and post operative critically ill patients.
Critical illness and tissue injury initiate a complex series of rapidly responding homeostatic events in an attempt to prevent ongoing tissue damage and to activate the repair process.
Classically, inflammation has been recognized as the hallmark of the homeostatic response. But more recently, attention has been focused on defining the complexities of response at the cellular, metabolic, and molecular levels.
There is mounting evidence regarding the multiple specific metabolic changes in critically ill and injured patients and their need for fundamental nutrients and special substrates.
As there are efforts to refine and further define nutritional support for critically ill patients, pursuing a deeper understanding of this field is imperative. Specifically, to provide timely and disease-directed and disorder directed nutritional support, the most crucial changes in acute phase proteins, cytokines, and other biochemical indices must be elucidated.
Furthermore, it has already become clear that no 1 care plan or formula fits all situations in all patients. Rather, nutritional support must be based principally on each individual, patient’s pathophysiology and condition.
The benefit of early institution of adequate enteral or parenteral nutrition in the overall management of critically ill patients has been well established.
Early nutritional support has the potential to reduce disease severity, diminish complications, and decrease the intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay.
In general, whenever possible, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the optimal route of providing nutrition in critically ill patients.
If, on the other hand, a patient cannot receive all the needed nutrient substrates and calories enterally, nutrition should be provided parenterally.
Because of the recent advances in identifying and recognizing the fundamental metabolic changes of crucial nutrient substrates in critically ill patients, nutritional formulas are being designed to compensate for these changes and support the organism during critical illness, infection, trauma, and/or severe sepsis.
One example of such an approach to the nutritional support of critically ill patients is
The question to be answered is when to feed and what to feed critically ill and post operative critically ill patients.
Critical illness and tissue injury initiate a complex series of rapidly responding homeostatic events in an attempt to prevent ongoing tissue damage and to activate the repair process.
Classically, inflammation has been recognized as the hallmark of the homeostatic response. But more recently, attention has been focused on defining the complexities of response at the cellular, metabolic, and molecular levels.
There is mounting evidence regarding the multiple specific metabolic changes in critically ill and injured patients and their need for fundamental nutrients and special substrates.
As there are efforts to refine and further define nutritional support for critically ill patients, pursuing a deeper understanding of this field is imperative. Specifically, to provide timely and disease-directed and disorder directed nutritional support, the most crucial changes in acute phase proteins, cytokines, and other biochemical indices must be elucidated.
Furthermore, it has already become clear that no 1 care plan or formula fits all situations in all patients. Rather, nutritional support must be based principally on each individual, patient’s pathophysiology and condition.
The benefit of early institution of adequate enteral or parenteral nutrition in the overall management of critically ill patients has been well established.
Early nutritional support has the potential to reduce disease severity, diminish complications, and decrease the intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay.
In general, whenever possible, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the optimal route of providing nutrition in critically ill patients.
If, on the other hand, a patient cannot receive all the needed nutrient substrates and calories enterally, nutrition should be provided parenterally.
Because of the recent advances in identifying and recognizing the fundamental metabolic changes of crucial nutrient substrates in critically ill patients, nutritional formulas are being designed to compensate for these changes and support the organism during critical illness, infection, trauma, and/or severe sepsis.
One example of such an approach to the nutritional support of critically ill patients is
Other data
| Title | Immunonutrition use in post operative critically ill patients | Other Titles | إستخدام التغذية المناعية في مرضي الحالات الحرجة ما بعد التدخل الجراحي | Authors | Amr Mahmoud MohamedainHammad | Issue Date | 2014 |
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