CONSERVATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT USING CERTAIN MODIFIED TECHNIQUES FOR CONTROLLING PIERCING­ SUCKING PESTS ON VEGETABLES

Abstract

A modification of certain ground spraying machines used for controlling aphid and whitefly during 1999 and 2000 seasons were made in order to improve plant coverage and to minimize lost spray. For a cleaner environment, trials were carried out to replace the commonly used toxic insecticides with alternative safer materials. Two alternative insecticides Solar (Ec) and CAPL-2 with dosage of 3 I./fed were tested for controlling aphid on eggplant and whitefly nymphs on cabbage. Actellic 50% Ec and Osbac 50% Ec with dosages of 1.25, 1.50, l./fed were selected as toxic insecticides recommended for this purpose. Two criteria were selected to evaluate the tested spraying techniques, which were insect mortality (representing the biological aspect) and spray loss (representing the environmental aspect). Accordingly, the tested techniques and chemicaly used on eggplant could be arranged descendingly from the best to the worst as, follows:-

1. Modified Arimistu with Actellic, spray loss, 6% ( mortality =89% ); 2. CP-3with Actellic, spray loss 16%; 3. Standard Arimitsu with Actellic, spray loss, 20%; 4. standard Arimitsu with CAPL-2, spray loss, 3%; (mortality=81 % ); 5. Standard Arimitsu wit Solar, spray loss, 14% ; 6. Modified Arimitsu with Solar, spray loss 12%; 7. Modified Arimitsu with CAPL-2, spray loss 12%; 8. CP3 with CAPL-2, spray loss 18%; 9. CP3 with Solar, spray loss 23%.

Similar arrangement could be made for the tested techniques and used chemicals used on cabbage, as follows:

l. Modified Arimitsu /Solar (18%); 2. Modified Arimitsu /Osbac (15%; 3. ULVA I Osbac (24%); 4. ULVA I CAPL-2 (24%); 5. ULVA / Solar (25%);