Ultrasonographic Parameters to Predict Outcome of Intrauterine Pregnancies of Uncertain Viability: A Prospective Cohort Study
Amal El-Shabrawy El-Sayed;
Abstract
Trans-vaginal sonography is the procedure of choice in evaluating the viability of embryos early in pregnancy. Previous reports have shown that trans-vaginal sonography can identify early pregnancy with confidence, correlating certain growth parameters of the pregnancy with the menstrual history.
The term "viability" implies the ability to live independently outside the uterus and, strictly speaking, cannot be applied to embryonic and early fetal life. However, this term has been accepted in ultrasound jargon to mean that the embryonic or fetal heart is seen to be active and this is taken to mean the conceptus is alive.
The measurements of embryonic length and heart rate (HR) and those of the gestational sac diameter (GSD) and yolk sac diameter (YSD) have been used for assessment of gestational age (GA) and prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome, such as miscarriage.
Some previous studies tried to find the predictability of each parameter but results were different among studies.
In this current study; trans-vaginal ultrasound was done measuring to 233 pregnant women with pregnancy of uncertain viability. Mean gestational sac diameter, yolk sac diameter and crown rump length were the parameters studied.
The inclusion criteria were pregnancy of uncertain viability in the study period, gestational age by the menstrual period < 84 days, and finding at trans-vaginal sonography of one of a single intrauterine gestational sac with mean sac diameter < 20 mm and with no visible embryonic structures (empty sac(, single intrauterine gestational sac containing an embryonic pole with maximum length < 6 mm and no embryonic heart pulsation (small embryo) or a single intrauterine gestational sac with mean sac diameter < 25 mm and a visible yolk sac but no visible embryonic pole (yolk sac only).
The exclusion criteria were women who will undergo termination of pregnancy or women with multiple pregnancies.
Before being admitted to the clinical study, all enrolled women consented to participate after the nature, scope, and possible consequences of the clinical study had been explained in a form understandable to them. Only their numbers and initials were recorded.
There was a statistically significant result of mean gestational sac diameter with a positive fetal echo inside to consider the cut-off value of 15.2 mm as a good positive predictor of fetal viability.
Regarding mean gestational sac diameter in the absence of fetal echo inside, crown rump length, yolk sac diameter, there was no statistically significant result of any diameter of each to
The term "viability" implies the ability to live independently outside the uterus and, strictly speaking, cannot be applied to embryonic and early fetal life. However, this term has been accepted in ultrasound jargon to mean that the embryonic or fetal heart is seen to be active and this is taken to mean the conceptus is alive.
The measurements of embryonic length and heart rate (HR) and those of the gestational sac diameter (GSD) and yolk sac diameter (YSD) have been used for assessment of gestational age (GA) and prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome, such as miscarriage.
Some previous studies tried to find the predictability of each parameter but results were different among studies.
In this current study; trans-vaginal ultrasound was done measuring to 233 pregnant women with pregnancy of uncertain viability. Mean gestational sac diameter, yolk sac diameter and crown rump length were the parameters studied.
The inclusion criteria were pregnancy of uncertain viability in the study period, gestational age by the menstrual period < 84 days, and finding at trans-vaginal sonography of one of a single intrauterine gestational sac with mean sac diameter < 20 mm and with no visible embryonic structures (empty sac(, single intrauterine gestational sac containing an embryonic pole with maximum length < 6 mm and no embryonic heart pulsation (small embryo) or a single intrauterine gestational sac with mean sac diameter < 25 mm and a visible yolk sac but no visible embryonic pole (yolk sac only).
The exclusion criteria were women who will undergo termination of pregnancy or women with multiple pregnancies.
Before being admitted to the clinical study, all enrolled women consented to participate after the nature, scope, and possible consequences of the clinical study had been explained in a form understandable to them. Only their numbers and initials were recorded.
There was a statistically significant result of mean gestational sac diameter with a positive fetal echo inside to consider the cut-off value of 15.2 mm as a good positive predictor of fetal viability.
Regarding mean gestational sac diameter in the absence of fetal echo inside, crown rump length, yolk sac diameter, there was no statistically significant result of any diameter of each to
Other data
| Title | Ultrasonographic Parameters to Predict Outcome of Intrauterine Pregnancies of Uncertain Viability: A Prospective Cohort Study | Other Titles | القياسات السونارية لتوقع نتيجة الحمل داخل الرحم ذى قابلية الحياة المجهولة: دراسة مجموعة متوقعة | Authors | Amal El-Shabrawy El-Sayed | Issue Date | 2014 |
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