Incidence of Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection in Intensive Care Units in a Private Hospital –Cairo

Abstract

Bloodstream infections which are associated with the insertion and maintenance of central lines are among the most dangerous complications that can occur. These complications deteriorate patient’s health, prolong hospital stay and increase the cost of care. Nearly one third of the HAIs were due to CLA-BSIs, with an associated case fatality rate of 12.3%. In developing countries, mortality rates may be as high as 50%. A prospective cohort epidemiological study was carried out in Medical/Coronary and Surgical Intensive Care Units in a private hospital. A total of 499 patients were followed up for six months from April 2014 to September 2014, to measure incidence rate, study risk factors and to identify most common pathogens related to occurrence of CLA-BSI. The study also aimed to examine the trend of CLA-BSI rates among patients in Intensive Care Units throughout the last five years; from 2009 to 2013. The results of the study showed that among the studied patients, around three fourth (72.7%) were discharged from the ICU to same hospital, while nearly one six of the patients (16.8%) died. Also (8.8%) of the patients discharged home and (1.6%) were transferred to another hospitals. Nearly half (47.4%) of the infected patients with CLA-BSI died. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and valve replacement were the most common diagnoses of the studied patients at admission (35.5%), followed by Disturbed Conscious Level (DCL) and Intracranial haemorrhage (11%) the second most common.