Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of Retinoic Acid in Bladder Cancer Patients

Abstract

This prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out in urology department Assiut University Hospital from August 200I through April 2003. It included 40 patients [36 males and 4 females with a mean age 54.6] with TCC [stage Ta, Tl and T2] of the urinary bladder.

The patients were evaluated by full history taking, through clinical examination, routine laboratory and imaging investigations, [CT and MRU were done in 8 cases], urethrocystoscopy and bimanual examination under. All patients had complete resection of the yisible tumor, histopathologic examination of the resected tumor, second look cystoscopy and TUR of any residual tumor was done in 20 patients 3- 4 weeks after the first TURT. The following criteria were studied : State of the current tumor

[before treatment], number of the tumors, size of the tumor, stage of the tumor, grade of the tumor, bilharzia! affection, squamous metaplasia, cystoscopic appearance, type of treatment, second look cystoscopy [done or not].