STUDY ON SOME CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING AND AFTER PROCESSING OF BOTTLED WATER

Abstract

Water is the major constituent of all body fluid compartments. Total body water can be divided into two compartments: intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF). The person is in a stable balance because the total input and total output of water from the body are equal. The kidneys are the sites of adjustment of water output from the body. The renal excretion of water is controlled by arginine vasopressin hormone (A VP). The sodium ion is the major determinant of the osmolality and the amount of water in (or volume of) ECF. The kidneys are ordinarily the major routes of Na+ loss from the body. The renin-angiotensin-aldostrone system is a salt-conserving system and plays an impotiant role in the day-to-day control of Na+ excretion. Atrial natriuretic peptide hormone has several actions that increase Na+excretion. The kidneys are the major sites of control of K+ balance. As the major osmotically active solute in cells, the amount of cellular K+ is the major determinant of the amount of water in (and, therefore the volume of) the ICF compartment.