Comparison between Single Dose of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for Prevention of Emergence Agitation after Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children

Abstract

Sevoflurane is used frequently in pediatric patients, when inhalational induction of anesthesia is required, because of its fast and non-irritating effects on the airway it’s in particular has been associated with an increased amount of agitation on emergence from anesthesia, Different drugs such as analgesics, opioids, benzodiazepines, and clonidine have been used either prophylactic or as a treatment with variable success. Dexmedetomidine, a more selective α-2 adrenoceptor agonist than clonidine, has been used as an adjuvant in general anesthesia and for postoperative sedation and analgesia and for management of postoperative agitation. Methods: The present controlled study included 100 patient candidate for minor surgeries under general anesthesia and caudal block to relief pain, Sevoflurane was used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, the patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups namely dexmedetomidine (n=50) received 0.2 µg/kg dexmedetomidine and midazolam group (n=50) received 40 µg/kg midazolam both after induction, intraoperative monitoring with electrocardiography, non-invasive blood pressure, pulse oximetry and capnography, Body core temperature was measured by oropharyngeal temperature probe every 5 minutes both intraoperative an