Comparative study of vitamin (D) Status in Full Term and Preterm Infants and Their Respective Mothers

Abstract

A cross sectional study was conducted on 46 neonates, and their mothers to Asses Vitamin D Status, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphate in preterm infants and their mothers. The study was conducted between July and December 2013,consecutive deliveries were attended and included after having aconsent from the mothers at the delivery room of EL Sahel Teaching Hospital. All neonates were subjected to: 1- Full maternal history. Detailed prenatal, natal and postnatal history. 2- Assessment of birth weight. 3- Neonatal clinical examination Maternal blood and Cord blood samples were collected at delivery to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkaline phosphate (ALP). The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed. This study revealed that: - Maternal hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D < 10 (ng\mL) was found in 89 % of pregnant women at time of delivery and neonatal hypovitaminosis D (vitamin D < 10 (ng\mL)) was found in 93.5% of neonates. - Maternal vit D did not correlate to maternal dietary vitamin D, but it correlated to cord blood vitamin D. - Non of the pregnant mothersdid not received vitamin D supplementation. Moreover neither maternal nor cord blood vitamin D correlate to maternal vitamin D supplementation. - Maternal vitamin D was correlated to cord blood vitamin D but not cord blood Ca, Phosphorus, alkaline phosphates. - Non of the pregnant mothersdid not received vitamin D supplementation. Moreover neither maternal nor cord blood vitamin D correlate to maternal vitamin D supplementation. - No statistical significantcorrelation between symptoms of vitamin D deficiency and weight, GA of neonates, gravidity, parity, maternal age, dietary vitamin D, sun exposure andvitamin D supplementation. - There was a statistical significant positive correlation between cord bloodCa and maternal Ca and maternal dietary vitamin D however there were no statistical significant correlation between cord blood Ca and maternal vitaminD, porALP. In conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D is an evident problem in both pregnant women at delivery and their offspring either FT or PT. Maternal Vitamin D level at delivery correlates well to cord blood Vitamin D although it do not correlate to sun exposure, dietaryVitamin D, or Vitamin D supplementation. This may suggest the need for higher supplementation in Egyptian women.