Role of intestinal microbiota in cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease patients
Moataz Ibrahim Farag;
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is currently defined as either functional or structural kidney damage or a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 for at least 3 months.
The CKD guidelines shifted the concept of kidney disease from that of a rare life-threatening condition requiring care by nephrologists to that of a common condition with a range of severity meriting attention by general internists, and demanding strategies for prevention, early detection, and management.
CKD is usually asymptomatic in its early stages. Symptoms usually appear in later stages in association with complications. In addition to commonly recognized hormonal and metabolic complications such as anemia and hyperparathyroidism, CKD complications include increased risks for systemic drug toxicity, cardiovascular disease, infection, gastrointestinal complications, cognitive impairment, and impaired physical function.
Complications are usually occur at later stages, and may lead to death before kidney disease progresses to kidney failure. Complications may also occur from the adverse effects of interventions used to prevent or treat the disease.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and particularly end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk of mortality, particularly from the cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Although traditional risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and advanced age, are prevalent in ESRD patients they may not be sufficient by themselves to account for the high prevalence of CVD in patients with this condition. Thus, the search for other, non-traditional, risk factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of uremic CVD has been an area of intense study.
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a member of one of the eight main genera of lactic acid bacteria. Each genus and species has different characteristics but they are generally chained cocci or rod shaped gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating bacteria
The CKD guidelines shifted the concept of kidney disease from that of a rare life-threatening condition requiring care by nephrologists to that of a common condition with a range of severity meriting attention by general internists, and demanding strategies for prevention, early detection, and management.
CKD is usually asymptomatic in its early stages. Symptoms usually appear in later stages in association with complications. In addition to commonly recognized hormonal and metabolic complications such as anemia and hyperparathyroidism, CKD complications include increased risks for systemic drug toxicity, cardiovascular disease, infection, gastrointestinal complications, cognitive impairment, and impaired physical function.
Complications are usually occur at later stages, and may lead to death before kidney disease progresses to kidney failure. Complications may also occur from the adverse effects of interventions used to prevent or treat the disease.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and particularly end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at increased risk of mortality, particularly from the cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Although traditional risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and advanced age, are prevalent in ESRD patients they may not be sufficient by themselves to account for the high prevalence of CVD in patients with this condition. Thus, the search for other, non-traditional, risk factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of uremic CVD has been an area of intense study.
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a member of one of the eight main genera of lactic acid bacteria. Each genus and species has different characteristics but they are generally chained cocci or rod shaped gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating bacteria
Other data
| Title | Role of intestinal microbiota in cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease patients | Other Titles | دور مجهريات البقعه المعويه في خطر الأمراض القلبيه الوعائيه في مرضي القصور الكلوي المزمن | Authors | Moataz Ibrahim Farag | Issue Date | 2016 |
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