VEGETATION STRUCTURE IN LAKE MANZALA, EGYPT
Kamel Abd-Alla Kamel Farag- Alla;
Abstract
The Mediterranean coast of Egypt that extends for about 970 Km from Sallum (in the west) to Rafah (in the east) is characterized by five big lakes namely: Mariut (western coast), ldku, Burullus & Manzala (Deltaic coast) and Bardawil (Sinai coast). The formation of these lakes is associated with the old seven branches of the Nile River (Pelusiac, Tanitic, Mendesian, Phatinitic (The present Damietta branch), Sebennytic, Bolbitic (The present Rosetta branch) and Canobic.
Lake Manzala the target of the present study is the largest among all of the
MeditetTanean coastal lakes. It is located in the north east quadrant of the Delta between
- - -
31° 00 - 31° 35 N latitudes and 31fJ 45 and 32° 15 E longitudes. It is bounded by the
Mediterranean sea in the north, Suez Canal to the east, Damietta province in the northwest, Dakahlia province in the west and Sharkia province in the south.
The lake has a maximum length of 4 7 Km from northwest to southeast, maximum width of 30 Km, it is narrow in the middle only 17 Km, and has a total shore line of2930 Km. Like other deltiac lakes it is shallow and its water depth ranges from 0. 7 - 1.5 m.
The lake includes a very large number of islands about 304 islands, constitute about 23
% of its total area. The single island area ranges from 0.5- I Km2 , some of these islands are clayey in nature, and others are sandy while still others composed of mollusk shells.
Lake Manzala receives its marine \\•ater from Mediterranean Sea Via. Boughaz El Gamil and Boughaz El-Sheikh Ali and its fresh or waste water from several drains and canals such as: Hadous drain, Ramsis drain, Saft drain, Bahr El-Baquar drain, Inaniya canal, El-Retama canal and El-Suffara canal. The total annual water discharge into Lake Manzala about 6 x 1 06 m 3
The objectives of this study is to give a clear idea about the vegetation structure of Lake Manzala and its relationships with the existing environmental conditions especially heavy metal pollution. For this purposes a total of random 22 sampling stations were selected to be distributed all over the lake to cover all the variations in the environmental conditions. Plants, soils, and water samples were collected from these stations for analysis.
Some goals were assumed to be achieved through this study as follows:
(l) Assessment of species distribution, spectes richness and diversity with microhabitats.
(2) Study of structure (phytomass (Fresh weight Biomass), life forms, roots I shoots
ratios and leaf criteria) of prominent species in relation to habitat.
(3) Comparative anatomical structure of some selected species in relation to habitat.
Lake Manzala the target of the present study is the largest among all of the
MeditetTanean coastal lakes. It is located in the north east quadrant of the Delta between
- - -
31° 00 - 31° 35 N latitudes and 31fJ 45 and 32° 15 E longitudes. It is bounded by the
Mediterranean sea in the north, Suez Canal to the east, Damietta province in the northwest, Dakahlia province in the west and Sharkia province in the south.
The lake has a maximum length of 4 7 Km from northwest to southeast, maximum width of 30 Km, it is narrow in the middle only 17 Km, and has a total shore line of2930 Km. Like other deltiac lakes it is shallow and its water depth ranges from 0. 7 - 1.5 m.
The lake includes a very large number of islands about 304 islands, constitute about 23
% of its total area. The single island area ranges from 0.5- I Km2 , some of these islands are clayey in nature, and others are sandy while still others composed of mollusk shells.
Lake Manzala receives its marine \\•ater from Mediterranean Sea Via. Boughaz El Gamil and Boughaz El-Sheikh Ali and its fresh or waste water from several drains and canals such as: Hadous drain, Ramsis drain, Saft drain, Bahr El-Baquar drain, Inaniya canal, El-Retama canal and El-Suffara canal. The total annual water discharge into Lake Manzala about 6 x 1 06 m 3
The objectives of this study is to give a clear idea about the vegetation structure of Lake Manzala and its relationships with the existing environmental conditions especially heavy metal pollution. For this purposes a total of random 22 sampling stations were selected to be distributed all over the lake to cover all the variations in the environmental conditions. Plants, soils, and water samples were collected from these stations for analysis.
Some goals were assumed to be achieved through this study as follows:
(l) Assessment of species distribution, spectes richness and diversity with microhabitats.
(2) Study of structure (phytomass (Fresh weight Biomass), life forms, roots I shoots
ratios and leaf criteria) of prominent species in relation to habitat.
(3) Comparative anatomical structure of some selected species in relation to habitat.
Other data
| Title | VEGETATION STRUCTURE IN LAKE MANZALA, EGYPT | Other Titles | تركيب الغطاء النباتي في بحيرة المنزلة - مصر | Authors | Kamel Abd-Alla Kamel Farag- Alla | Issue Date | 2001 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.