CURRENT ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN CLINICAL BACTERIAL ISOLATES

Abstract

The emergence of bacterial resistance to different antimicrobial agents has been reported with increasing frequency worldwide. However, th<.. degree of variability to bacterial resistance among geographic regions suggesting the need to obtain local information for proper antimicrobial recommendations. The present study was carried out, therefore, to determine the extent and pattern of antibiotic susceptibility among different clinical isolates.

This study included 147 isolates recovered from 350 clinical samples collected from inpatients and outpatients suffering from different bacterial Infections. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by disc diffusion method and E-test using antibiotics in different groups. p. la\:lamase activity of penicillin-resistant isolates was also tested. The most common isolated pathogens were Klebsiella pueumoniae (26.5%), Pseudomonas aemginosa (21.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.7%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (15%). The least number of isolates wsa Proteus mirabilis (3.4%). Imipenem proved to be the most active drug against all tested gram-positive and gram-negative isolates followed by cephoperazone/sulbactum. Among all quinolones tested. trovafloxacin and/or ciprofloxacin exhibited good activity against most tested strains. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin and piperacillin. p. lactamase production in penicillin resistant isolates was highly prevelant among isolates of Proteus mirahilis (100%) followed by Pserttlomonas aemginosa (90.4%). Staphylococcus aureus (77.8%), E. coli (73.7%), and Klebsie/lapueumouiae (71.4%) while no fJ-Iactamase production was observed in Streptococcus pnernnoniae.