Association between Circulating Levels Of Alpha - 1 Antitrypsin and activity In unexplained Recurrent Miscarriages Case-Control Study

Abstract

Alpha 1 antitrypsin is aserine protease inhibitor which interacts with the active site of serine proteases and has acritical role for maitenance of protease ,antiprotease hemostasis and prevention of proteoltic tissue damage. Alpha 1 antitrypsin considered third most abundant protein in our serum after albumin and immunoglobulins Alpha 1 antitrypsin is one of two major inhibitors of plasma protein c. It produced by the liver and lungs,although low level are also produced locally by human amniotic epithelial cells. It playarole in inflammatory response by positively regulating the acute phase of inflammaton and also regulation of the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6, interleukin 8, natural killer and tumour necrosis factor . Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency is linked with various pregnancy complication. Recurrent miscarriage is one of the most frustrating and difficult areas in reproductive medicine, since the aetiology is often unknown and evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies are scarce. Recurrent miscarriage is classically defined as the loss of three or more consecutive pregnancies before the 20th week of gestation (molar, ectopic and biochemical pregnancies are not included), with or without previous live births. However, many experts consider two consecutive losses sufficientfor diagnosis, and suggest an assessment after each loss with a thorough evaluation after three or more losses. Various causes have been proposed for recurrent abortions including those related to genetic,structural,infective,endocrine and immunological backgrounds.