THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SOME NANOPARTICLES USED IN WATER TREATMENT

Abstract

Nanomaterial and nanoparticles have characteristics which are totally different in comparison to similar elements in bulk with dimension. Size, shape and surface area are criteria causing these differences.This study evaluated the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) andTitanium dioxide (TiO2 NPs) on the healthofrats.Forty five adult male albino rats Sprague Dawley Strain weighing( 120±20 g ) were divided into five groups each containing “nine” rats. Group (1) fed standard diet without addition of either silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) or (TiO2 NPs) as a normal or negative control.Group (2) fed standard diet and orally injected with 100ppm (TiO2 NPs) <100nm as a small size. Group (3) fed standard diet and orally injected with 100ppm (TiO2 NPs) ≥100nm as a large size. Group (4) fed standard diet and orally injected with 100 ppm (Ag NPs)<100nm as a small size. Group (5) fed standard diet and orally injected with 100ppm (Ag NPs)≥100nm as a large size. Each rat was housed in individual wire cage, food and water were providedregularly for "four" weeks.At the end of the experiment animals were sacrificed under ether anesthesia and blood samples were taken from hepatic portal vein. Biochemical analysisfor blood and tissues (brain and liver) was doneandhistopathological changes in (brain,liver,lung,testisand stomach)organsexanimated. Results illustrated increase inserum liver function parameters for all investigated groups. Ag NPs were more toxic than TiO2 , and generally, small size (<100) of the two nanoparticles had more toxic effect on liver than large size (≥ 100). Results of antioxidant screening (GSH & MDA) of liver tissue matched with serum liver function which proved the harmful effect ofnanomaterials on liver. Antioxidants of brain showed also effect on brain's morphology for all investigated groups. Pathological examination showed (tissue damages, bloodshed, cell necrosis and apoptosis) for all groups received the two sizes of Ag and TiO2NPs compared with control group. Based on these results, it wasconcluded that Ag and TiO2 NPshave toxic effect on animal's health.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles –Titanium dioxide nanoparticles - Biological effect –biochemical analysis - Rats